TY - JOUR
T1 - Women have less progression of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
T2 - data from the RACE V study
AU - Mulder, Bart A
AU - Khalilian Ekrami, Neda
AU - Van De Lande, Martijn E
AU - Nguyen, Bao-Oanh
AU - Weberndorfer, Vanessa
AU - Crijns, Harry J
AU - Geelhoed, Bastiaan
AU - Blaauw, Yuri
AU - Hemels, Martin Ew
AU - Tieleman, Robert G
AU - Scheerder, Coert Os
AU - De Melis, Mirko
AU - Schotten, Ulrich
AU - Linz, Dominik
AU - Van Gelder, Isabelle C
AU - Rienstra, Michiel
PY - 2023/12/21
Y1 - 2023/12/21
N2 - BACKGROUND: Sex differences in atrial fibrillation (AF) are observed in terms of comorbidities, symptoms, therapies received, AF progression and cardiovascular complications. METHODS: We assessed the differences in prevalence and the determinants of AF progression, as well as the clinical characteristics and quality of life (QoL), between women and men with paroxysmal AF included in the RACE V (Reappraisal of Atrial Fibrillation: Interaction between hyperCoagulability, Electrical remodeling, and Vascular Destabilisation in the Progression of AF) study. At baseline, extensive phenotyping was done. To assess AF progression, implantable loop recorder (ILR) monitoring was used throughout follow-up. AF progression was defined as (1) progression to persistent or permanent AF or (2) progression of paroxysmal AF (>3% burden increase). RESULTS: 417 patients were included, 179 (43%) of whom were women. Women were older (median 67 years vs 63 years, p<0.001), less often had coronary artery disease (n=11 (6%) vs n=36 (16%), p=0.003), had more obesity (n=57 (32%) vs n=50 (21%), p=0.013), had less epicardial and pericardial fat (median 144 (interquartile range [IQR] 94-191) mL vs 199 (IQR 146-248) mL, p<0.001;?and median 89 (ICQ 61-121) mL vs 105 (IQR 83-133) mL, p<0.001, respectively) and had more impaired left atrial function. The median follow-up was 2.2 (1.6-2.8) years. 51 of 417 patients (5.5% per year) showed AF progression (15/179 (8.4%) women and 36/238 (15.1%) men, p=0.032). Multivariable analysis showed tissue factor pathway inhibitor, N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and PR interval being associated with AF progression in women and factor XIIa:C1 esterase, NT-proBNP and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 in men. QoL was not different between sexes. CONCLUSION: Despite older age, the incidence of AF progression was lower in women. Parameters associated with AF progression varied in part between sexes, suggesting different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
AB - BACKGROUND: Sex differences in atrial fibrillation (AF) are observed in terms of comorbidities, symptoms, therapies received, AF progression and cardiovascular complications. METHODS: We assessed the differences in prevalence and the determinants of AF progression, as well as the clinical characteristics and quality of life (QoL), between women and men with paroxysmal AF included in the RACE V (Reappraisal of Atrial Fibrillation: Interaction between hyperCoagulability, Electrical remodeling, and Vascular Destabilisation in the Progression of AF) study. At baseline, extensive phenotyping was done. To assess AF progression, implantable loop recorder (ILR) monitoring was used throughout follow-up. AF progression was defined as (1) progression to persistent or permanent AF or (2) progression of paroxysmal AF (>3% burden increase). RESULTS: 417 patients were included, 179 (43%) of whom were women. Women were older (median 67 years vs 63 years, p<0.001), less often had coronary artery disease (n=11 (6%) vs n=36 (16%), p=0.003), had more obesity (n=57 (32%) vs n=50 (21%), p=0.013), had less epicardial and pericardial fat (median 144 (interquartile range [IQR] 94-191) mL vs 199 (IQR 146-248) mL, p<0.001;?and median 89 (ICQ 61-121) mL vs 105 (IQR 83-133) mL, p<0.001, respectively) and had more impaired left atrial function. The median follow-up was 2.2 (1.6-2.8) years. 51 of 417 patients (5.5% per year) showed AF progression (15/179 (8.4%) women and 36/238 (15.1%) men, p=0.032). Multivariable analysis showed tissue factor pathway inhibitor, N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and PR interval being associated with AF progression in women and factor XIIa:C1 esterase, NT-proBNP and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 in men. QoL was not different between sexes. CONCLUSION: Despite older age, the incidence of AF progression was lower in women. Parameters associated with AF progression varied in part between sexes, suggesting different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
KW - Arrhythmias, Cardiac
KW - Atrial Fibrillation
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Female
KW - Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis epidemiology complications
KW - Quality of Life
U2 - 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002534
DO - 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002534
M3 - Article
SN - 2053-3624
VL - 10
JO - Open Heart
JF - Open Heart
IS - 2
M1 - e002534
ER -