Abstract
Aim:
We chose to evaluate the survival of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation among patients with human immunodeficiency virus in a multicenter registry.
Methods:
Retrospective case review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry respiratory failure of all patients with human immunodeficiency virus supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Results:
A total of 126 patients were included. Survival to discharge was 36%. Eight infants were supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and three (37.5%) survived to discharge. Respiratory extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was the primary indication (78%) with a 39% survival, while cardiac and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation indications accounted for 16% and 6% of patients with survivals of 30% and 12.5%, respectively. These differences did not reach significance. There were no significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in demographic data, but non-survivors had significantly more non-human immunodeficiency virus pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation infections than survivors. There were no differences in other pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation supportive therapies, mechanical ventilator settings, or arterial blood gas results between survivors and non-survivors. The median duration of mechanical ventilation prior to cannulation was 52 (interquartile range: 13-140) hours, while the median duration of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation exposure was 237 (interquartile range: 125-622) hours. Ventilator settings were significantly lower after 24 hours compared to pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation settings. Complications during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation exposure including receipt of renal replacement therapy, inotropic infusions, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were more common among non-survivors compared to survivors. Central nervous system complications were rare.
Conclusion:
Survival among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection who receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was less than 40%. Infections before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation occurred more often in non-survivors. The receipt of renal replacement therapy, inotropic infusions, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was associated with worse outcome.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 772-777 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Perfusion |
Volume | 35 |
Issue number | 8 |
Early online date | 6 Mar 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Nov 2020 |
Keywords
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- extracorporeal life support (ECLS)
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)
- Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO)
- inotropes
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- renal replacement therapy
- ACUTE RESPIRATORY-FAILURE
- PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA
- LIFE-SUPPORT
- HIV
- THERAPY