TY - JOUR
T1 - The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Adult Lip, Oral, and Pharyngeal Cancer in 204 Countries and Territories
T2 - A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
AU - Cunha, Amanda Ramos da
AU - Compton, Kelly
AU - Xu, Rixing
AU - Mishra, Rashmi
AU - Drangsholt, Mark Thomas
AU - Antunes, Jose Leopoldo Ferreira
AU - Kerr, Alexander R
AU - Acheson, Alistair R
AU - Lu, Dan
AU - Wallace, Lindsey E
AU - Kocarnik, Jonathan M
AU - Fu, Weijia
AU - Dean, Frances E
AU - Pennini, Alyssa
AU - Henrikson, Hannah Jacqueline
AU - Alam, Tahiya
AU - Ababneh, Emad
AU - Abd-Elsalam, Sherief
AU - Abdoun, Meriem
AU - Abidi, Hassan
AU - Abubaker Ali, Hiwa
AU - Abu-Gharbieh, Eman
AU - Adane, Tigist Demssew
AU - Addo, Isaac Yeboah
AU - Ahmad, Aqeel
AU - Ahmad, Sajjad
AU - Ahmed Rashid, Tarik
AU - Akonde, Maxwell
AU - Al Hamad, Hanadi
AU - Alahdab, Fares
AU - Alimohamadi, Yousef
AU - Alipour, Vahid
AU - Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali
AU - Alsharif, Ubai
AU - Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza
AU - Anwar, Sumadi Lukman
AU - Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward
AU - Arabloo, Jalal
AU - Aravkin, Aleksandr Y
AU - Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo
AU - Asaad, Malke
AU - Ashraf, Tahira
AU - Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin
AU - Attia, Sameh
AU - Azadnajafabad, Sina
AU - Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza
AU - Badar, Muhammad
AU - Baghcheghi, Nayereh
AU - Banach, Maciej
AU - Dianatinasab, Mostafa
AU - GBD 2019 Lip, Oral, and Pharyngeal Cancer Collaborators
PY - 2023/10/19
Y1 - 2023/10/19
N2 - IMPORTANCE: Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers are important contributors to cancer burden worldwide, and a comprehensive evaluation of their burden globally, regionally, and nationally is crucial for effective policy planning. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the total and risk-attributable burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and other pharyngeal cancer (OPC) for 204 countries and territories and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) using 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study estimates. EVIDENCE REVIEW: The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to LOC and OPC from 1990 to 2019 were estimated using GBD 2019 methods. The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the proportion of deaths and DALYs for LOC and OPC attributable to smoking, tobacco, and alcohol consumption in 2019. FINDINGS: In 2019, 370?000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 338?000-401?000) cases and 199?000 (95% UI, 181?000-217?000) deaths for LOC and 167?000 (95% UI, 153?000-180?000) cases and 114?000 (95% UI, 103?000-126?000) deaths for OPC were estimated to occur globally, contributing 5.5 million (95% UI, 5.0-6.0 million) and 3.2 million (95% UI, 2.9-3.6 million) DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, low-middle and low SDI regions consistently showed the highest age-standardized mortality rates due to LOC and OPC, while the high SDI strata exhibited age-standardized incidence rates decreasing for LOC and increasing for OPC. Globally in 2019, smoking had the greatest contribution to risk-attributable OPC deaths for both sexes (55.8% [95% UI, 49.2%-62.0%] of all OPC deaths in male individuals and 17.4% [95% UI, 13.8%-21.2%] of all OPC deaths in female individuals). Smoking and alcohol both contributed to substantial LOC deaths globally among male individuals (42.3% [95% UI, 35.2%-48.6%] and 40.2% [95% UI, 33.3%-46.8%] of all risk-attributable cancer deaths, respectively), while chewing tobacco contributed to the greatest attributable LOC deaths among female individuals (27.6% [95% UI, 21.5%-33.8%]), driven by high risk-attributable burden in South and Southeast Asia. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this systematic analysis, disparities in LOC and OPC burden existed across the SDI spectrum, and a considerable percentage of burden was attributable to tobacco and alcohol use. These estimates can contribute to an understanding of the distribution and disparities in LOC and OPC burden globally and support cancer control planning efforts.
AB - IMPORTANCE: Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers are important contributors to cancer burden worldwide, and a comprehensive evaluation of their burden globally, regionally, and nationally is crucial for effective policy planning. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the total and risk-attributable burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and other pharyngeal cancer (OPC) for 204 countries and territories and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) using 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study estimates. EVIDENCE REVIEW: The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to LOC and OPC from 1990 to 2019 were estimated using GBD 2019 methods. The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the proportion of deaths and DALYs for LOC and OPC attributable to smoking, tobacco, and alcohol consumption in 2019. FINDINGS: In 2019, 370?000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 338?000-401?000) cases and 199?000 (95% UI, 181?000-217?000) deaths for LOC and 167?000 (95% UI, 153?000-180?000) cases and 114?000 (95% UI, 103?000-126?000) deaths for OPC were estimated to occur globally, contributing 5.5 million (95% UI, 5.0-6.0 million) and 3.2 million (95% UI, 2.9-3.6 million) DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, low-middle and low SDI regions consistently showed the highest age-standardized mortality rates due to LOC and OPC, while the high SDI strata exhibited age-standardized incidence rates decreasing for LOC and increasing for OPC. Globally in 2019, smoking had the greatest contribution to risk-attributable OPC deaths for both sexes (55.8% [95% UI, 49.2%-62.0%] of all OPC deaths in male individuals and 17.4% [95% UI, 13.8%-21.2%] of all OPC deaths in female individuals). Smoking and alcohol both contributed to substantial LOC deaths globally among male individuals (42.3% [95% UI, 35.2%-48.6%] and 40.2% [95% UI, 33.3%-46.8%] of all risk-attributable cancer deaths, respectively), while chewing tobacco contributed to the greatest attributable LOC deaths among female individuals (27.6% [95% UI, 21.5%-33.8%]), driven by high risk-attributable burden in South and Southeast Asia. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this systematic analysis, disparities in LOC and OPC burden existed across the SDI spectrum, and a considerable percentage of burden was attributable to tobacco and alcohol use. These estimates can contribute to an understanding of the distribution and disparities in LOC and OPC burden globally and support cancer control planning efforts.
U2 - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2960
DO - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2960
M3 - Article
SN - 2374-2437
VL - 9
SP - 1401
EP - 1416
JO - JAMA Oncology
JF - JAMA Oncology
IS - 10
ER -