Systematic review and Meta-analysis comparing low-flow duration of extracorporeal and conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Loes Mandigers*, Eric Boersma, Corstiaan A den Uil, Diederik Gommers, Jan Bělohlávek, Mirko Belliato, Roberto Lorusso, Dinis Dos Reis Miranda

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal(Systematic) Review article peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: After cardiac arrest, a key factor determining survival outcomes is low-flow duration. Our aims were to determine the relation of survival and low-flow duration of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation and if these two therapies have different short term survival curves in relation to low-flow duration.

METHODS: We searched Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception up to April 2021. A linear mixed effect model was used to describe the course of survival over time, based on study-specific and time-specific aggregated survival data.

RESULTS: We included 42 observational studies reporting on 1,689 extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 375,751 conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation procedures. Of the included studies, 25 included adults, 13 included children, and four included both. In adults, survival curves decline rapidly over time (extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation 37.2%-29.8%-23.8%-19.1% versus conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation-shockable 36.8%-7.2%-1.4%-0.3% for 15-30-45-60 min low-flow, respectively). extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was associated with a statistically significant slower decline in survival than conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation with initial shockable rhythms (conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation-shockable). In children, survival curves decline rapidly over time (extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation 43.6%-41.7%-39.8%-38.0% versus CCPR-shockable 48.6%-20.5%-8.6%-3.6% for 15-30-45-60 min low-flow, respectively). extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was associated with a statistically significant slower decline in survival than conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation-shockable.

CONCLUSIONS: The short-term survival of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation-shockable patients both decline rapidly over time, in adults as well as in children. This decline of short-term survival in relation to low-flow duration in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was slower than in conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Prospero: CRD42020212480, 02-10-2020.

Original languageEnglish
Article numberivac219
Number of pages10
JournalInteractive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
Volume35
Issue number4
Early online date24 Aug 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 9 Sept 2022

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