TY - JOUR
T1 - Reliability and Validity of the Avoidance of Daily Activities Photo Scale for Patients with Shoulder Pain (ADAP Shoulder Scale)
AU - Ansanello, Walter
AU - Reis, Felipe José Jandre
AU - Tozzo, Marcela Camargo
AU - Zatiti, Salomão Chade Assan
AU - Meulders, Ann
AU - Vlaeyen, Johan W. S.
AU - de Oliveira, Anamaria Siriani
PY - 2023/12/1
Y1 - 2023/12/1
N2 - Objective: The Avoidance of Daily Activities Photo Scale for Patients With Shoulder Pain (ADAP Shoulder Scale) was developed to assess pain-related avoidance behavior during daily activities in people with shoulder pain. However, its measurement properties must be verified according to international guidelines. As such, this study investigated the following 4 measurement properties of the ADAP Shoulder Scale: reliability, measurement errors, convergent validity, and floor and ceiling effects. Methods: The sample comprised 100 individuals with chronic shoulder pain (43 men and 57 women; mean duration of symptoms of 29.7 [SD = 89.0] months; mean age of 44.9 [SD = 15.9] years). The mean test–retest reliability range was 5 days via the ICC. Measurement errors included the standard error of measurement and the minimal detectable change. Convergent validity was analyzed by applying the Pearson correlation with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Results: The ADAP Shoulder Scale showed excellent test–retest reliability, both in all domains and in the total score [ICC(2,1) = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.92–0.96]. The standard errors of measurement for the free-movement, high-effort, and self-care domains were 8.1%, 6.0%, and 7.6%, respectively. The minimal detectable change for the total score of the ADAP Shoulder Scale was 16.0%. The total score of the ADAP Shoulder Scale was low to moderately correlated with the total scores of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (r = 0.52), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.30), and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (r = 0.72). No floor or ceiling effects were detected in the total score. Conclusions: The ADAP Shoulder Scale is a reliable, valid instrument for assessing avoidance behavior in adults who have chronic shoulder pain and are not athletes. Impact: This study provides evidence that the ADAP Shoulder Scale is appropriate for clinical and practical use in people with chronic shoulder pain.
AB - Objective: The Avoidance of Daily Activities Photo Scale for Patients With Shoulder Pain (ADAP Shoulder Scale) was developed to assess pain-related avoidance behavior during daily activities in people with shoulder pain. However, its measurement properties must be verified according to international guidelines. As such, this study investigated the following 4 measurement properties of the ADAP Shoulder Scale: reliability, measurement errors, convergent validity, and floor and ceiling effects. Methods: The sample comprised 100 individuals with chronic shoulder pain (43 men and 57 women; mean duration of symptoms of 29.7 [SD = 89.0] months; mean age of 44.9 [SD = 15.9] years). The mean test–retest reliability range was 5 days via the ICC. Measurement errors included the standard error of measurement and the minimal detectable change. Convergent validity was analyzed by applying the Pearson correlation with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Results: The ADAP Shoulder Scale showed excellent test–retest reliability, both in all domains and in the total score [ICC(2,1) = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.92–0.96]. The standard errors of measurement for the free-movement, high-effort, and self-care domains were 8.1%, 6.0%, and 7.6%, respectively. The minimal detectable change for the total score of the ADAP Shoulder Scale was 16.0%. The total score of the ADAP Shoulder Scale was low to moderately correlated with the total scores of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (r = 0.52), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.30), and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (r = 0.72). No floor or ceiling effects were detected in the total score. Conclusions: The ADAP Shoulder Scale is a reliable, valid instrument for assessing avoidance behavior in adults who have chronic shoulder pain and are not athletes. Impact: This study provides evidence that the ADAP Shoulder Scale is appropriate for clinical and practical use in people with chronic shoulder pain.
KW - Avoidance Learning
KW - Disability and Health
KW - International Classification of Functioning
KW - Pain Measurement
KW - Result Reproducibility
KW - Shoulder Pain
U2 - 10.1093/ptj/pzad101
DO - 10.1093/ptj/pzad101
M3 - Article
SN - 1538-6724
VL - 103
JO - Physical Therapy
JF - Physical Therapy
IS - 12
ER -