Radiomics: "unlocking the potential of medical images for precision radiation oncology"

During the last decade radiation oncology became one of the most data-driven medical specialties due to the rapid development of computational methods and artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging domain. The radiomics concept has converted medical images into minable data associated with clinical events used for personalized medicine. In this chapter we will present an overview of the fundamental principles of the radiomics pipeline as well as with a roadmap for responsible and reliable radiomics research studies. Furthermore, the major uncertainties and pitfalls of the radiomics pipeline are outlined with the most up-to-date solutions and recommendations of the Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative (IBSI) for responsible radiomics. Finally, we discuss the potential translation of radiomics into the clinic via the commissioning of radiomics models and the comparison between the operational excellence and the prediction outcome of the models.