@article{c59f12156a3847ef8f180a9271ef4395,
title = "Neighbourhood property value and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Maastricht study: A multilevel study",
abstract = "ObjectiveLow individual socioeconomic status (SES) is known to be associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the extent to which the local context in which people live may influence T2DM rates remains unclear. This study examines whether living in a low property value neighbourhood is associated with higher rates of T2DM independently of individual SES.Research design and methodsUsing cross-sectional data from the Maastricht Study (2010-2013) and geographical data from Statistics Netherlands, multilevel logistic regression was used to assess the association between neighbourhood property value and T2DM. Individual SES was based on education, occupation and income. Of the 2,056 participants (aged 40-75 years), 494 (24%) were diagnosed with T2DM.ResultsIndividual SES was strongly associated with T2DM, but a significant proportion of the variance in T2DM was found at the neighbourhood level (VPC = 9.2%; 95% CI = 5.0%-16%). Participants living in the poorest neighbourhoods had a 2.38 times higher odds ratio of T2DM compared to those living in the richest areas (95% CI = 1.58-3.58), independently of individual SES.ConclusionsNeighbourhood property value showed a significant association with T2DM, suggesting the usefulness of area-based programmes aimed at improving neighbourhood characteristics in order to tackle inequalities in T2DM.",
author = "David Consolazio and Annemarie Koster and Simone Sarti and Schram, {Miranda T.} and Stehouwer, {Coen D. A.} and Timmermans, {Erik J.} and Anke Wesselius and Hans Bosma",
note = "Funding Information: This study has been supported by the European Regional Development Fund as part of OP-ZUID, the province of Limburg, the department of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands (grant 31O.041), Stichting Weijerhorst, the Pearl String Initiative Diabetes, the Cardiovascular Center Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Stichting Annadal, Health Foundation Limburg and by unrestricted grants from Janssen, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi. The regional association of General Practitioners (Zorg in Ontwikkeling (ZIO)) is gratefully acknowledged for its contribution to The Maastricht Study, enabling the invitation of individuals with T2DM by using information from its web-based electronic health record. Funding Information: Funding:Thisstudyhasbeensupportedbythe EuropeanRegionalDevelopmentFundaspartof OP-ZUID,theprovinceofLimburg,thedepartment ofEconomicAffairsoftheNetherlands(grant 31O.041),StichtingWeijerhorst,thePearlString InitiativeDiabetes,theCardiovascularCenter Maastricht,CardiovascularResearchInstitute Maastricht(CARIM),SchoolforNutrition, ToxicologyandMetabolism(NUTRIM),Stichting Annadal,HealthFoundationLimburgandby unrestrictedgrantsfromJanssen,NovoNordisk andSanofi.TheregionalassociationofGeneral Practitioners(ZorginOntwikkeling(ZIO))is gratefullyacknowledgedforitscontributiontoThe MaastrichtStudy,enablingtheinvitationof individualswithT2DMbyusinginformationfrom itsweb-basedelectronichealthrecord. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Consolazio et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
year = "2020",
month = jun,
day = "8",
doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0234324",
language = "English",
volume = "15",
journal = "PLOS ONE",
issn = "1932-6203",
publisher = "Public Library of Science",
number = "6",
}