TY - JOUR
T1 - Muscle Mass and Strength Gains Following Resistance Exercise Training in Older Adults 65-75 Years and Older Adults Above 85 Years
AU - Marzuca-Nassr, Gabriel Nasri
AU - Alegría-Molina, Andrea
AU - SanMartín-Calísto, Yuri
AU - Artigas-Arias, Macarena
AU - Huard, Nolberto
AU - Sapunar, Jorge
AU - Salazar, Luis A
AU - Verdijk, Lex B
AU - van Loon, Luc J C
PY - 2024/1
Y1 - 2024/1
N2 - Resistance exercise training (RET) can be applied effectively to increase muscle mass and function in older adults (65-75 years). However, it has been speculated that older adults above 85 years are less responsive to the benefits of RET. This study compares the impact of RET on muscle mass and function in healthy older adults 65-75 years versus older adults above 85 years. We subjected 17 healthy older adults 65-75 years (OLDER 65-75, n = 13/4 [female/male]; 68 ± 2 years; 26.9 ± 2.3 kg/m
2) and 12 healthy older adults above 85 years (OLDER 85+, n = 7/5 [female/male]; 87 ± 3 years; 26.0 ± 3.6 kg/m
2) to 12 weeks of wholebody RET (three times per week). Prior to, and after 6 and 12 weeks of training, quadriceps and lumbar spine vertebra 3 muscle cross-sectional area (computed tomography scan), whole-body lean mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan), strength (one-repetition maximum test), and physical performance (timed up and go and short physical performance battery) were assessed. Twelve weeks of RET resulted in a 10% ± 4% and 11% ± 5% increase in quadriceps cross-sectional area (from 46.5 ± 10.7 to 51.1 ± 12.1 cm
2, and from 38.9 ± 6.1 to 43.1 ± 8.0 cm
2, respectively; p < .001; η
2 = .67); a 2%± 3% and 2% ± 3% increase in whole-body lean mass (p = .001; η
2 = .22); and a 38% ± 20% and 46% ± 14% increase in one-repetition maximum leg extension strength (p < .001; η
2 = .77) in the OLDER 65-75 and OLDER 85+ groups, respectively. No differences in the responses to RET were observed between groups (Time × Group, all p > .60; all η
2 ≤ .012). Physical performance on the short physical performance battery and timed up and go improved (both p < .01; η
2 ≥ .22), with no differences between groups (Time × Group, p > .015; η
2 ≤ .07). Prolonged RET increases muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in the aging population, with no differences between 65-75 years and 85+ years older adults.
AB - Resistance exercise training (RET) can be applied effectively to increase muscle mass and function in older adults (65-75 years). However, it has been speculated that older adults above 85 years are less responsive to the benefits of RET. This study compares the impact of RET on muscle mass and function in healthy older adults 65-75 years versus older adults above 85 years. We subjected 17 healthy older adults 65-75 years (OLDER 65-75, n = 13/4 [female/male]; 68 ± 2 years; 26.9 ± 2.3 kg/m
2) and 12 healthy older adults above 85 years (OLDER 85+, n = 7/5 [female/male]; 87 ± 3 years; 26.0 ± 3.6 kg/m
2) to 12 weeks of wholebody RET (three times per week). Prior to, and after 6 and 12 weeks of training, quadriceps and lumbar spine vertebra 3 muscle cross-sectional area (computed tomography scan), whole-body lean mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan), strength (one-repetition maximum test), and physical performance (timed up and go and short physical performance battery) were assessed. Twelve weeks of RET resulted in a 10% ± 4% and 11% ± 5% increase in quadriceps cross-sectional area (from 46.5 ± 10.7 to 51.1 ± 12.1 cm
2, and from 38.9 ± 6.1 to 43.1 ± 8.0 cm
2, respectively; p < .001; η
2 = .67); a 2%± 3% and 2% ± 3% increase in whole-body lean mass (p = .001; η
2 = .22); and a 38% ± 20% and 46% ± 14% increase in one-repetition maximum leg extension strength (p < .001; η
2 = .77) in the OLDER 65-75 and OLDER 85+ groups, respectively. No differences in the responses to RET were observed between groups (Time × Group, all p > .60; all η
2 ≤ .012). Physical performance on the short physical performance battery and timed up and go improved (both p < .01; η
2 ≥ .22), with no differences between groups (Time × Group, p > .015; η
2 ≤ .07). Prolonged RET increases muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in the aging population, with no differences between 65-75 years and 85+ years older adults.
KW - aging
KW - elderly
KW - resistance training
KW - sarcopenia
KW - skeletal muscle
U2 - 10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0087
DO - 10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0087
M3 - Article
SN - 1526-484X
VL - 34
SP - 11
EP - 19
JO - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
JF - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
IS - 1
ER -