Abstract
Objective: To assess if surgery for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) related nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-pNETs) is effective for improving overall survival and preventing liver metastasis. Background: MEN1 leads to multiple early-onset NF-pNETs. The evidence base for guiding the difficult decision who and when to operate is meager. Methods: MEN1 patients diagnosed with NF-pNETs between 1990 and 2014 were selected from the DutchMEN1 Study Group database, including >90% of the Dutch MEN1 population. The effect of surgery was estimated using time-dependent Cox analysis with propensity score restriction and adjustment. Results: Of the 152 patients, 53 underwent surgery and 99 were managed by watchful waiting. In the surgery group, tumors were larger and faster-growing, patients were younger, more often male, and were more often treated in centers that operated more frequently. Surgery for NF-pNETs was not associated with a significantly lower risk of liver metastases or death, [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.73 (0.25-2.11)]. Adjusted HR's after stratification by tumor size were: NF-pNETs <2 cm = 2.04 (0.31-13.59) and NF-pNETs 2-3 cm = 1.38 (0.09-20.31). Five out of the 6 patients with NF-pNETs >3 cm managed by watchful waiting developed liver metastases or died compared with 6 out of the 16 patients who underwent surgery. Conclusions: MEN1 patients with NF-pNETs <2 cm can be managed by watchful waiting, hereby avoiding major surgery without loss of oncological safety. The beneficial effect of a surgery in NF-pNETs 2 to 3 cm requires further research. In patients with NF-pNETs >3 cm, watchful waiting seems not advisable.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 1155-1160 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Annals of Surgery |
Volume | 267 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jun 2018 |
Keywords
- multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
- oncology
- pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
- surgery
- survival
- ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE-1
- NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS
- PROPENSITY SCORE
- SURGERY
- GUIDELINES
- DEATH
- GTE