TY - JOUR
T1 - Large country differences in work outcomes in patients with RA - an analysis in the multinational study COMORA
AU - van der Zee-Neuen, Antje
AU - Putrik, Polina
AU - Ramiro, Sofia
AU - Keszei, Andras P.
AU - Hmamouchi, Ihsane
AU - Dougados, Maxime
AU - Boonen, Annelies
PY - 2017/9/29
Y1 - 2017/9/29
N2 - Background: We aimed to explore whether country of residence or specific country characteristics are associated with work outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: Data from the 17 countries participating in the Comorbidities in RA (COMORA) study were used. Work outcomes were measured by the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire, addressing employment (yes/no), absenteeism (percentage of time; 3 categories) and presenteeism (percentage of at-work productivity restrictions; 4 categories). Contribution of country of residence, gross domestic product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), unemployment rate, social protection expenditures (SPE) or world region to work outcomes was investigated in adjusted (ordered) logistic regressions.Results: The patients (n = 2395) were younger than 60 years; mean age 48 (SD 9.2) years, 1972 (84%) female and 1065 (45%) employed. Large country differences were found. Taking the country with the best work outcome as reference, Moroccan patients had the lowest odds of being employed (OR 0.2 (95% CI 0.1; 0.3) vs. Germany) and highest odds of absenteeism (OR 13.2 (3.6; 48.3) vs. Japan). Patients in Taiwan had the highest odds of presenteeism (OR 13.0 (5.5; 30.9) vs. Venezuela). All country indices except SPE were associated with work outcomes. For example, patients in low-GDP countries had lower odds of employment (OR 0.6 (0.5; 0.8)), higher odds of absenteeism (OR 2.8 (2.0; 4.1)), but lower odds of presenteeism (OR 0.5 (0.4; 0.7)) compared to higher-GDP countries.Conclusion: Substantial differences in work outcomes among patients with RA were observed between countries. Lower economic wealth and human development of countries were associated with worse employment and higher absenteeism, but lower presenteeism.
AB - Background: We aimed to explore whether country of residence or specific country characteristics are associated with work outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: Data from the 17 countries participating in the Comorbidities in RA (COMORA) study were used. Work outcomes were measured by the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire, addressing employment (yes/no), absenteeism (percentage of time; 3 categories) and presenteeism (percentage of at-work productivity restrictions; 4 categories). Contribution of country of residence, gross domestic product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), unemployment rate, social protection expenditures (SPE) or world region to work outcomes was investigated in adjusted (ordered) logistic regressions.Results: The patients (n = 2395) were younger than 60 years; mean age 48 (SD 9.2) years, 1972 (84%) female and 1065 (45%) employed. Large country differences were found. Taking the country with the best work outcome as reference, Moroccan patients had the lowest odds of being employed (OR 0.2 (95% CI 0.1; 0.3) vs. Germany) and highest odds of absenteeism (OR 13.2 (3.6; 48.3) vs. Japan). Patients in Taiwan had the highest odds of presenteeism (OR 13.0 (5.5; 30.9) vs. Venezuela). All country indices except SPE were associated with work outcomes. For example, patients in low-GDP countries had lower odds of employment (OR 0.6 (0.5; 0.8)), higher odds of absenteeism (OR 2.8 (2.0; 4.1)), but lower odds of presenteeism (OR 0.5 (0.4; 0.7)) compared to higher-GDP countries.Conclusion: Substantial differences in work outcomes among patients with RA were observed between countries. Lower economic wealth and human development of countries were associated with worse employment and higher absenteeism, but lower presenteeism.
KW - Multinational
KW - Rheumatoid arthritis
KW - Employment
KW - Absenteeism
KW - Presenteeism
KW - HEALTH-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE
KW - RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS
KW - CONTENT VALIDITY
KW - DISEASE-ACTIVITY
KW - PRODUCTIVITY
KW - VALIDATION
KW - DISABILITY
UR - https://springernature.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Additional_file_9_Figure_S1A_of_Large_country_differences_in_work_outcomes_in_patients_with_RA_an_analysis_in_the_multinational_study_COMORA/5457727/1
U2 - 10.1186/s13075-017-1421-y
DO - 10.1186/s13075-017-1421-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 28962581
SN - 1478-6354
VL - 19
JO - Arthritis Research & Therapy
JF - Arthritis Research & Therapy
IS - 1
M1 - 216
ER -