TY - JOUR
T1 - Habitual intake of advanced glycation endproducts is not associated with worse insulin sensitivity, worse beta cell function, or presence of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes
T2 - The Maastricht Study
AU - Linkens, Armand M.A.
AU - Eussen, Simone J.M.P.
AU - Houben, Alfons J.H.M.
AU - Mari, Andrea
AU - Dagnelie, Pieter C.
AU - Stehouwer, Coen D.A.
AU - Schalkwijk, Casper G.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the European Regional Development Fund via OP-Zuid , the Province of Limburg , the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (grant 31O.041 ), Stichting De Weijerhorst (Maastricht, The Netherlands), the Pearl String Initiative Diabetes (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), the Cardiovascular Center (CVC, Maastricht, the Netherlands), CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases (Maastricht, The Netherlands), CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute (Maastricht, The Netherlands), NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (Maastricht, the Netherlands), Stichting Annadal (Maastricht, The Netherlands), Health Foundation Limburg (Maastricht, The Netherlands), and by unrestricted grants from Janssen-Cilag B.V . (Tilburg, The Netherlands), Novo Nordisk Farma B.V . (Alphen aan den Rijn, the Netherlands), and Sanofi-Aventis Netherlands B.V. (Gouda, the Netherlands). CGS received financial support by ZonMw (Project 95105002 ) and Diabetes Fonds (Project 2016.00.1865 ). The funders had no role in the design of the current study, nor the writing, analysis, and interpretation process.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/8/1
Y1 - 2023/8/1
N2 - Background & aims: A diet high in advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) is a potential risk factor for insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction, and ultimately type 2 diabetes. We investigated associations between habitual intake of dietary AGEs and glucose metabolism in a population-based setting. Methods: In 6275 participants of The Maastricht Study (mean ± SD age: 60 ± 9, 15.1% prediabetes and 23.2% type 2 diabetes), we estimated habitual intake of dietary AGEs Ne-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), Ne-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and Nd-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) by combining a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with our mass-spectrometry dietary AGE database. We determined insulin sensitivity (Matsuda- and HOMA-IR index), beta cell function (C-peptidogenic index, glucose sensitivity, potentiation factor, and rate sensitivity), glucose metabolism status, fasting glucose, HbA1c, post-OGTT glucose, and OGTT glucose incremental area under the curve. Cross–sectional associations between habitual AGE intake and these outcomes were investigated using a combination of multiple linear regression and multinomial logistic regression adjusting for several potential confounders (demographic, cardiovascular, and lifestyle factors). Results: Generally, higher habitual intake of AGEs was not associated with worse indices of glucose metabolism, nor with increased presence of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Higher dietary MG-H1 was associated with better beta cell glucose sensitivity. Conclusions: The present study does not support an association of dietary AGEs with impaired glucose metabolism. Whether higher intake of dietary AGEs translates to increased incidence of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes on the long term should be investigated in large prospective cohort studies.
AB - Background & aims: A diet high in advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) is a potential risk factor for insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction, and ultimately type 2 diabetes. We investigated associations between habitual intake of dietary AGEs and glucose metabolism in a population-based setting. Methods: In 6275 participants of The Maastricht Study (mean ± SD age: 60 ± 9, 15.1% prediabetes and 23.2% type 2 diabetes), we estimated habitual intake of dietary AGEs Ne-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), Ne-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and Nd-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) by combining a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with our mass-spectrometry dietary AGE database. We determined insulin sensitivity (Matsuda- and HOMA-IR index), beta cell function (C-peptidogenic index, glucose sensitivity, potentiation factor, and rate sensitivity), glucose metabolism status, fasting glucose, HbA1c, post-OGTT glucose, and OGTT glucose incremental area under the curve. Cross–sectional associations between habitual AGE intake and these outcomes were investigated using a combination of multiple linear regression and multinomial logistic regression adjusting for several potential confounders (demographic, cardiovascular, and lifestyle factors). Results: Generally, higher habitual intake of AGEs was not associated with worse indices of glucose metabolism, nor with increased presence of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Higher dietary MG-H1 was associated with better beta cell glucose sensitivity. Conclusions: The present study does not support an association of dietary AGEs with impaired glucose metabolism. Whether higher intake of dietary AGEs translates to increased incidence of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes on the long term should be investigated in large prospective cohort studies.
KW - Beta cell function
KW - Dietary advanced glycation endproducts
KW - Glucose metabolism
KW - Insulin sensitivity
KW - Population-based observational cohort
U2 - 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.05.021
DO - 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.05.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 37302878
SN - 0261-5614
VL - 42
SP - 1491
EP - 1500
JO - Clinical Nutrition
JF - Clinical Nutrition
IS - 8
ER -