TY - JOUR
T1 - Fasting and post-oral-glucose-load levels of methylglyoxal are associated with microvascular, but not macrovascular, disease in individuals with and without (pre)diabetes
T2 - The Maastricht Study
AU - Hanssen, N. M. J.
AU - Scheijen, J. L. J. M.
AU - Houben, A. J. H. M.
AU - van de Waarenburg, M
AU - Berendschot, T. T. J. M.
AU - Webers, C. A. B.
AU - Reesink, K D
AU - van Greevenbroek, M M J
AU - van der Kallen, C
AU - Schaper, N C
AU - Schram, M T
AU - Henry, R M A
AU - Stehouwer, C D A
AU - Schalkwijk, C G
N1 - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/2
Y1 - 2021/2
N2 - AIMS: Reactive dicarbonyl compounds, such as methylglyoxal (MGO), rise during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), particularly in (pre)diabetes. Fasting MGO levels are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Yet, whether fasting or post-OGTT plasma MGO levels are associated with vascular disease in people with (pre)diabetes is unknown.METHODS: Subjects with normal glucose metabolism (n=1796; age: 57.9±8.2 years; 43.3% men), prediabetes (n=478; age: 61.6±7.6 years; 54.0% men) and T2DM (n=669; age: 63.0±7.5 years; 67.0% men) from the Maastricht Study underwent OGTTs. Plasma MGO levels were measured at baseline and 2h after OGTT by mass spectrometry. Prior CVD was established via questionnaire. CKD was reflected by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria; retinopathy was assessed using retinal photographs. Data were analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for gender, age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, HbA1c, BMI and medication use. Odd ratios (ORs) were expressed per standard deviation of LN-transformed MGO.RESULTS: Fasting and post-OGTT MGO levels were associated with higher ORs for albuminuria ≥30mg/24h [fasting: 1.12 (95% CI: 0.97-1.29); post-OGTT: 1.19 (1.01-1.41)], eGFR<60mL/min/1.73 m2 [fasting: 1.58 (95% CI: 1.38-1.82), post-OGTT: 1.57 (1.34-1.83)] and retinopathy [fasting: 1.59 (95% CI: 1.01-2.53), post-OGTT: 1.38 (0.77-2.48)]. No associations with prior CVD were found.CONCLUSION: Fasting and post-OGTT MGO levels were associated with microvascular disease, but not prior CVD. Thus, therapeutic strategies directed at lowering MGO levels may prevent microvascular disease.
AB - AIMS: Reactive dicarbonyl compounds, such as methylglyoxal (MGO), rise during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), particularly in (pre)diabetes. Fasting MGO levels are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Yet, whether fasting or post-OGTT plasma MGO levels are associated with vascular disease in people with (pre)diabetes is unknown.METHODS: Subjects with normal glucose metabolism (n=1796; age: 57.9±8.2 years; 43.3% men), prediabetes (n=478; age: 61.6±7.6 years; 54.0% men) and T2DM (n=669; age: 63.0±7.5 years; 67.0% men) from the Maastricht Study underwent OGTTs. Plasma MGO levels were measured at baseline and 2h after OGTT by mass spectrometry. Prior CVD was established via questionnaire. CKD was reflected by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria; retinopathy was assessed using retinal photographs. Data were analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for gender, age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, HbA1c, BMI and medication use. Odd ratios (ORs) were expressed per standard deviation of LN-transformed MGO.RESULTS: Fasting and post-OGTT MGO levels were associated with higher ORs for albuminuria ≥30mg/24h [fasting: 1.12 (95% CI: 0.97-1.29); post-OGTT: 1.19 (1.01-1.41)], eGFR<60mL/min/1.73 m2 [fasting: 1.58 (95% CI: 1.38-1.82), post-OGTT: 1.57 (1.34-1.83)] and retinopathy [fasting: 1.59 (95% CI: 1.01-2.53), post-OGTT: 1.38 (0.77-2.48)]. No associations with prior CVD were found.CONCLUSION: Fasting and post-OGTT MGO levels were associated with microvascular disease, but not prior CVD. Thus, therapeutic strategies directed at lowering MGO levels may prevent microvascular disease.
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Chronic kidney disease
KW - Diabetes
KW - Methylglyoxal
KW - INCIDENT CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE
KW - ADVANCED GLYCATION ENDPRODUCTS
KW - ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY
KW - FOLLOW-UP
KW - ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION
KW - DICARBONYL STRESS
KW - PLASMA-LEVELS
KW - END-PRODUCTS
KW - INFLAMMATION
KW - TYPE-1
U2 - 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.02.002
DO - 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.02.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 32058030
SN - 1262-3636
VL - 47
JO - Diabetes & Metabolism
JF - Diabetes & Metabolism
IS - 1
M1 - 101148
ER -