@article{43227ab2392248cdabde080f2902caab,
title = "Evidence to support common application switching behaviour on smartphones",
abstract = "We find evidence to support common behaviour in smartphone usage based on analysis of application (app) switching. This is an overlooked aspect of smartphone usage that gives additional insight beyond screen time and the particular apps that are accessed. Using a dataset of usage behaviour from 53 participants over a six-week period, we find strong similarity in the structure of networks built from app switching, despite diversity in the apps used, and the volume of app switching. App switch networks exhibit small-world, broad-scale network features, with a rapid popularity decay, suggesting that preferential attachment may drive next-app decision-making.",
keywords = "network science, smartphone, smartphone apps, human behaviour, COMMUNICATION",
author = "Turner, {Liam D.} and Whitaker, {Roger M.} and Allen, {Stuart M.} and Linden, {David E. J.} and Kun Tu and Jian Li and Don Towsley",
note = "Funding Information: Ethics. The anonymized dataset used in this work was originally produced by the Tymer project at Cardiff University. The Tymer project was approved by the ethics committee of the School of Psychology, Cardiff University (EC.16.04.12.4490) and was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written, informed consent to participate and for their anonymized data to be made available. Data accessibility. The data used for this study is available at: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4v4bn15 [49]. Authors{\textquoteright} contributions. L.D.T., R.M.W. and S.M.A. formulated the hypothesis for the study and the methodology. L.D.T. undertook network analysis of the data, supported by K.T., J.L. and D.T. who undertook the network motif analysis. L.D.T., R.M.W., S.M.A., D.E.J.L. and D.T. synthesized the results. All authors contributed to writing and reviewing the manuscript. Competing interests. We have no competing interests. Funding. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratoryand the U.K. Ministry of Defenceunder Agreement Number W911NF-16-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, the U.K. Ministry of Defence or the U.K. Government. The U.S. and U.K. Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. Acknowledgements. We thank the Wellcome Trust for funding the Tymer project which produced the dataset used in this work, and the participants for undertaking that study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors.",
year = "2019",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1098/rsos.190018",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
pages = "1--9",
journal = "Royal Society Open Science",
issn = "2054-5703",
publisher = "Royal Society of Chemistry",
number = "3",
}