TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison between the cervical and abdominal vagus nerves in mice, pigs, and humans
AU - Stakenborg, Nathalie
AU - Gomez-Pinilla, Pedro J.
AU - Verlinden, Thomas J. M.
AU - Wolthuis, Albert M.
AU - D'Hoore, Andre
AU - Farr, Ricard
AU - Herijgers, Paul
AU - Matteoli, Gianluca
AU - Boeckxstaens, Guy E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant (ERC-2013-Adg: 340101 Cholstim) to GEB. GEB is also supported by Flanders Fund for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT-TBM; 110699), and Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO; G.0566.12N and G.0890.18N). NS is supported by a postdoctoral research fellowship of FWO (1509020N and 12V3619N). GM is supported by an FWO grant (G.0D83.17N) and by KU Leuven grants (ZKD2906-C14/17/097 and ZKC9531-C12/15/016)
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant (ERC‐2013‐Adg: 340101 Cholstim) to GEB. GEB is also supported by Flanders Fund for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT‐TBM; 110699), and Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO; G.0566.12N and G.0890.18N). NS is supported by a postdoctoral research fellowship of FWO (1509020N and 12V3619N). GM is supported by an FWO grant (G.0D83.17N) and by KU Leuven grants (ZKD2906‐C14/17/097 and ZKC9531‐C12/15/016)
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Neurogastroenterology & Motility published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Background Vagus nerve (VN) stimulation is currently evaluated as a novel approach to treat immune-mediated disorders. The optimal stimulation parameters, however, largely depend on the VN composition potentially impacting on its clinical translation. Hence, we evaluated whether morphological differences exist between the cervical and abdominal VNs across different species.Materials and methods The cervical and abdominal VNs of mouse, pig, and humans were stained for major basic protein and neurofilament F to identify the percentage and size of myelinated and non-myelinated fibers.Results The percentage of myelinated fibers was comparable between species, but was higher in the cervical VN compared with the abdominal VN. The cervical VN contained 54 +/- 4%, 47 +/- 7%, and 54 +/- 7% myelinated fibers in mouse, pig, and humans, respectively. The myelinated fibers consisted of small-diameter (mouse: 71%, pig: 80%, and humans: 63%), medium-diameter (mouse: 21%, pig: 18%, and humans: 33%), and large-diameter fibers (mouse: 7%, pig: 2%, and humans: 4%). The abdominal VN predominantly contained unmyelinated fibers (mouse: 93%, pig: 90%, and humans: 94%). The myelinated fibers mainly consisted of small-diameter fibers (mouse: 99%, pig: 85%, and humans: 74%) and fewer medium-diameter (mouse: 1%, pig: 13%, and humans: 23%) and large-diameter fibers (mouse: 0%, pig: 2%, and humans: 3%).Conclusion The VN composition was largely similar with respect to myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in the species studied. Human and porcine VNs had a comparable diameter and similar amounts of fibrous tissue and contained multiple fascicles, implying that the porcine VN may be suitable to optimize stimulation parameters for clinical trials.
AB - Background Vagus nerve (VN) stimulation is currently evaluated as a novel approach to treat immune-mediated disorders. The optimal stimulation parameters, however, largely depend on the VN composition potentially impacting on its clinical translation. Hence, we evaluated whether morphological differences exist between the cervical and abdominal VNs across different species.Materials and methods The cervical and abdominal VNs of mouse, pig, and humans were stained for major basic protein and neurofilament F to identify the percentage and size of myelinated and non-myelinated fibers.Results The percentage of myelinated fibers was comparable between species, but was higher in the cervical VN compared with the abdominal VN. The cervical VN contained 54 +/- 4%, 47 +/- 7%, and 54 +/- 7% myelinated fibers in mouse, pig, and humans, respectively. The myelinated fibers consisted of small-diameter (mouse: 71%, pig: 80%, and humans: 63%), medium-diameter (mouse: 21%, pig: 18%, and humans: 33%), and large-diameter fibers (mouse: 7%, pig: 2%, and humans: 4%). The abdominal VN predominantly contained unmyelinated fibers (mouse: 93%, pig: 90%, and humans: 94%). The myelinated fibers mainly consisted of small-diameter fibers (mouse: 99%, pig: 85%, and humans: 74%) and fewer medium-diameter (mouse: 1%, pig: 13%, and humans: 23%) and large-diameter fibers (mouse: 0%, pig: 2%, and humans: 3%).Conclusion The VN composition was largely similar with respect to myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in the species studied. Human and porcine VNs had a comparable diameter and similar amounts of fibrous tissue and contained multiple fascicles, implying that the porcine VN may be suitable to optimize stimulation parameters for clinical trials.
KW - histology
KW - human
KW - mouse
KW - pig
KW - vagus nerve
KW - STIMULATION
KW - SUPPRESSION
KW - DISEASE
KW - FIBERS
KW - HEART
U2 - 10.1111/nmo.13889
DO - 10.1111/nmo.13889
M3 - Article
C2 - 32476229
SN - 1350-1925
VL - 32
JO - Neurogastroenterology and Motility
JF - Neurogastroenterology and Motility
IS - 9
M1 - 13889
ER -