Appropriate exercise prescription in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: why this skill remains to be improved among clinicians and healthcare professionals. A call for action from the EXPERT Network(& DAG;)

Dominique Hansen*, Karin Coninx, Paul Beckers, Veronique Cornelissen, Evangelia Kouidi, Daniel Neunhauserer, Josef Niebauer, Martijn A. Spruit, Tim Takken, Paul Dendale

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal(Systematic) Review article peer-review

Abstract

In Europe alone, on a yearly basis, millions of people need an appropriate exercise prescription to prevent the occurrence or progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A general exercise recommendation can be provided to these individuals (at least 150 min of moderate-intensity endurance exercise, spread over 3-5 days/week, complemented by dynamic moderate-intensity resistance exercise 2 days/week). However, recent evidence shows that this one size does not fit all and that individual adjustments should be made according to the patient's underlying disease(s), risk profile, and individual needs, to maximize the clinical benefits of exercise. In this paper, we (i) argue that this general exercise prescription simply provided to all patients with CVD, or elevated risk for CVD, is insufficient for optimal CVD prevention, and (ii) show that clinicians and healthcare professionals perform heterogeneously when asked to adjust exercise characteristics (e.g. intensity, volume, and type) according to the patient's condition, thereby leading to suboptimal CVD risk factor control. Since exercise training is a class 1A intervention in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD, the awareness of the need to improve exercise prescription has to be raised among clinicians and healthcare professionals if optimized prevention of CVD is ambitioned.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1986–1995
Number of pages10
JournalEuropean Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Volume30
Issue number18
Early online dateJul 2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2023

Keywords

  • Cardiovascular risk
  • Exercise training
  • Rehabilitation
  • Training adaptation
  • DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM
  • CARDIAC REHABILITATION
  • HEART-FAILURE
  • TRAINING CHARACTERISTICS
  • PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
  • GLYCEMIC CONTROL
  • METAANALYSIS
  • ASSOCIATION
  • CARDIOLOGY
  • CAPACITY

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