TY - JOUR
T1 - White Noise Speech Illusions
T2 - A Trait-Dependent Risk Marker for Psychotic Disorder?
AU - Schepers, Elaine
AU - Lousberg, Richel
AU - Guloksuz, Sinan
AU - Pries, Lotta-Katrin
AU - Delespaul, Philippe
AU - Kenis, Gunter
AU - Luykx, Jurjen J.
AU - Lin, Bochao D.
AU - Richards, Alexander L.
AU - Akdede, Berna
AU - Binbay, Tolga
AU - Altinyazar, Vesile
AU - Yalincetin, Berna
AU - Gumus-Akay, Guvem
AU - Cihan, Burcin
AU - Soygur, Haldun
AU - Ulas, Halis
AU - Cankurtaran, Eylem Sahin
AU - Kaymak, Semra Ulusoy
AU - Mihaljevic, Marina M.
AU - Petrovic, Sanja Andric
AU - Mirjanic, Tijana
AU - Bernardo, Miguel
AU - Cabrera, Bibiana
AU - Bobes, Julio
AU - Saiz, Pilar A.
AU - Paz Garcia-Portilla, Maria
AU - Sanjuan, Julio
AU - Aguilar, Eduardo J.
AU - Luis Santos, Jose
AU - Jimenez-Lopez, Estela
AU - Arrojo, Manuel
AU - Carracedo, Angel
AU - Lopez, Gonzalo
AU - Gonzalez-Penas, Javier
AU - Parellada, Mara
AU - Maric, Nadja P.
AU - Atbasoglu, Cem
AU - Ucok, Alp
AU - Alptekin, Koksal
AU - Saka, Meram Can
AU - Arango, Celso
AU - Rutten, Bart P. F.
AU - van Os, Jim
PY - 2019/9/25
Y1 - 2019/9/25
N2 - Introduction: White noise speech illusions index liability for psychotic disorder in case-control comparisons. In the current study, we examined i) the rate of white noise speech illusions in siblings of patients with psychotic disorder and ii) to what degree this rate would be contingent on exposure to known environmental risk factors (childhood adversity and recent life events) and level of known endophenotypic dimensions of psychotic disorder [psychotic experiences assessed with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) scale and cognitive ability].Methods: The white noise task was used as an experimental paradigm to elicit and measure speech illusions in 1,014 patients with psychotic disorders, 1,157 siblings, and 1,507 healthy participants. We examined associations between speech illusions and increasing familial risk (control -> sibling -> patient), modeled as both a linear and a categorical effect, and associations between speech illusions and level of childhood adversities and life events as well as with CAPE scores and cognitive ability scores.Results: While a positive association was found between white noise speech illusions across hypothesized increasing levels of familial risk (controls -> siblings -> patients) [odds ratio (OR) linear 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.21, p = 0.019], there was no evidence for a categorical association with sibling status (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.79-1.09, p = 0.360). The association between speech illusions and linear familial risk was greater if scores on the CAPE positive scale were higher (p interaction = 0.003; ORlow (CAPE positive sale )0.96, 95% CI 0.85-1.07; ORhigh CAPE positive (scale) 1.26, 95% CI 1.09-1.46); cognitive ability was lower (p(interaction) <0.001; ORhigh cognitive (ability) 0.94, 95% CI 0.84-1.05; ORhigh cognitive abilty 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.68); and exposure to childhood adversity was higher (p interaction <0.001; ORlow (adversity) 0.92, 95% CI 0.82-1.04; ORhigh (adversity) 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.52). A similar, although less marked, pattern was seen for categorical patient-control and sibling-control comparisons. Exposure to recent life events did not modify the association between white noise and familial risk (p interaction = 0.232).Conclusion: The association between white noise speech illusions and familial risk is contingent on additional evidence of endophenotypic expression and of exposure to childhood adversity. Therefore, speech illusions may represent a trait-dependent risk marker.
AB - Introduction: White noise speech illusions index liability for psychotic disorder in case-control comparisons. In the current study, we examined i) the rate of white noise speech illusions in siblings of patients with psychotic disorder and ii) to what degree this rate would be contingent on exposure to known environmental risk factors (childhood adversity and recent life events) and level of known endophenotypic dimensions of psychotic disorder [psychotic experiences assessed with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) scale and cognitive ability].Methods: The white noise task was used as an experimental paradigm to elicit and measure speech illusions in 1,014 patients with psychotic disorders, 1,157 siblings, and 1,507 healthy participants. We examined associations between speech illusions and increasing familial risk (control -> sibling -> patient), modeled as both a linear and a categorical effect, and associations between speech illusions and level of childhood adversities and life events as well as with CAPE scores and cognitive ability scores.Results: While a positive association was found between white noise speech illusions across hypothesized increasing levels of familial risk (controls -> siblings -> patients) [odds ratio (OR) linear 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.21, p = 0.019], there was no evidence for a categorical association with sibling status (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.79-1.09, p = 0.360). The association between speech illusions and linear familial risk was greater if scores on the CAPE positive scale were higher (p interaction = 0.003; ORlow (CAPE positive sale )0.96, 95% CI 0.85-1.07; ORhigh CAPE positive (scale) 1.26, 95% CI 1.09-1.46); cognitive ability was lower (p(interaction) <0.001; ORhigh cognitive (ability) 0.94, 95% CI 0.84-1.05; ORhigh cognitive abilty 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.68); and exposure to childhood adversity was higher (p interaction <0.001; ORlow (adversity) 0.92, 95% CI 0.82-1.04; ORhigh (adversity) 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.52). A similar, although less marked, pattern was seen for categorical patient-control and sibling-control comparisons. Exposure to recent life events did not modify the association between white noise and familial risk (p interaction = 0.232).Conclusion: The association between white noise speech illusions and familial risk is contingent on additional evidence of endophenotypic expression and of exposure to childhood adversity. Therefore, speech illusions may represent a trait-dependent risk marker.
KW - white noise speech illusions
KW - psychotic disorder
KW - Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences
KW - cognitive ability
KW - childhood adversity
KW - life events
KW - CHILDHOOD TRAUMA
KW - THREATENING EXPERIENCES
KW - SHORT-FORM
KW - HALLUCINATIONS
KW - SCHIZOPHRENIA
KW - RELIABILITY
KW - ENVIRONMENT
KW - SYMPTOMS
KW - VALIDITY
KW - QUESTIONNAIRE
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00676
DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00676
M3 - Article
SN - 1664-0640
VL - 10
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry
JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry
M1 - 676
ER -