TY - JOUR
T1 - Perturbed mechanotransduction by endothelial surface glycocalyx modification greatly impairs the arteriogenic process
AU - Potter, Daniel R.
AU - van Teeffelen, Jurgen
AU - Vink, Hans
AU - van den Berg, Bernard M.
PY - 2015/8/15
Y1 - 2015/8/15
N2 - The mechanisms that trigger initiation of arteriogenesis in response to pathogenic obstruction of arterial flow are not fully understood. Our objective is to determine whether glycocalyx mediated mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress to the endothelial layer is an essential first step in inducing arteriogenesis. Mice were implanted with an osmotic minipump containing saline or hyaluronan synthase inhibitor 4-methylesculetin (4ME) 2 wk before femoral artery ligation. 4ME was effective in modifying the endothelial glycocalyx as measured by dextran exclusion and perfused boundary region changes. Glycocalyx modification resulted in a 52% (P = 0.002) reduction in perfusion restoration through the 21-day follow-up [area under the curve, 4.9 +/- 1.1 (n = 11) vs. 10.2 +/- 3.2 (n = 10), 4ME vs. control (Ctrl)]. Upon femoral artery ligation, no change in collateral vessel diameter in 4ME treated mice (49.8 +/- 26.3 vs. 47.1 +/- 14.0 mu m, ligated vs unligated) was observed (Ctrl, 88.5 +/- 18.8 vs. 35.1 +/- 3.0 mu m, ligated vs unligated, P <0.05). This impaired arteriogenic process was accompanied by lack of local induction of both endothelial and smooth muscle cell activation (Ki67, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and ICAM-1), as well as a failure to recruit CD11b-positive cells in 4ME-treated collateral vessels (0.012 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.010 +/- 0.003 cells/mu m vessel perimeter, ligated vs. unligated), whereas in Ctrls, the number of CD11b cells was increased (0.024 +/- 0.002 vs. 0.010 +/- 0.004 cells/mu m vessel perimeter, P <0.05). Modification of the glycocalyx by inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis renders the endothelium unresponsive to altered hemodynamic conditions resulting from femoral artery ligation, which results in a hampered restoration of distal perfusion.
AB - The mechanisms that trigger initiation of arteriogenesis in response to pathogenic obstruction of arterial flow are not fully understood. Our objective is to determine whether glycocalyx mediated mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress to the endothelial layer is an essential first step in inducing arteriogenesis. Mice were implanted with an osmotic minipump containing saline or hyaluronan synthase inhibitor 4-methylesculetin (4ME) 2 wk before femoral artery ligation. 4ME was effective in modifying the endothelial glycocalyx as measured by dextran exclusion and perfused boundary region changes. Glycocalyx modification resulted in a 52% (P = 0.002) reduction in perfusion restoration through the 21-day follow-up [area under the curve, 4.9 +/- 1.1 (n = 11) vs. 10.2 +/- 3.2 (n = 10), 4ME vs. control (Ctrl)]. Upon femoral artery ligation, no change in collateral vessel diameter in 4ME treated mice (49.8 +/- 26.3 vs. 47.1 +/- 14.0 mu m, ligated vs unligated) was observed (Ctrl, 88.5 +/- 18.8 vs. 35.1 +/- 3.0 mu m, ligated vs unligated, P <0.05). This impaired arteriogenic process was accompanied by lack of local induction of both endothelial and smooth muscle cell activation (Ki67, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and ICAM-1), as well as a failure to recruit CD11b-positive cells in 4ME-treated collateral vessels (0.012 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.010 +/- 0.003 cells/mu m vessel perimeter, ligated vs. unligated), whereas in Ctrls, the number of CD11b cells was increased (0.024 +/- 0.002 vs. 0.010 +/- 0.004 cells/mu m vessel perimeter, P <0.05). Modification of the glycocalyx by inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis renders the endothelium unresponsive to altered hemodynamic conditions resulting from femoral artery ligation, which results in a hampered restoration of distal perfusion.
KW - mechanotransduction
KW - endothelial glycocalyx
KW - hyaluronan
KW - arteriogenesis
U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.00257.2015
DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.00257.2015
M3 - Article
C2 - 26071545
SN - 0363-6135
VL - 309
SP - H711-H717
JO - American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology
IS - 4
ER -