TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanisms of sex differences in atrial fibrillation
T2 - role of hormones and differences in electrophysiology, structure, function, and remodelling
AU - Odening, Katja E.
AU - Deiss, Sebastian
AU - Dilling-Boer, Dagmara
AU - Didenko, Maxim
AU - Eriksson, Urs
AU - Nedios, Sotirios
AU - Ng, Fu Siong
AU - Roca Luque, Ivo
AU - Sanchez Borque, Pepa
AU - Vernooy, Kevin
AU - Wijnmaalen, Adrianus P.
AU - Yorgun, Hikmet
AU - DAS-CAM participants 2017–2018
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.The Author(s) 2018.
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the clinically most prevalent rhythm disorder with large impact on quality of life and increased risk for hospitalizations and mortality in both men and women. In recent years, knowledge regarding epidemiology, risk factors, and patho-physiological mechanisms of AF has greatly increased. Sex differences have been identified in the prevalence, clinical presentation, associated comorbidities, and therapy outcomes of AF. Although it is known that age-related prevalence of AF is lower in women than in men, women have worse and often atypical symptoms and worse quality of life as well as a higher risk for adverse events such as stroke and death associated with AF. In this review, we evaluate what is known about sex differences in AF mechanisms-covering structural, electrophysiological, and hormonal factors-and underscore areas of knowledge gaps for future studies. Increasing our understanding of mechanisms accounting for these sex differences in AF is important both for prognostic purposes and the optimization of (targeted, mechanism-based, and sex-specific) therapeutic approaches.
AB - Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the clinically most prevalent rhythm disorder with large impact on quality of life and increased risk for hospitalizations and mortality in both men and women. In recent years, knowledge regarding epidemiology, risk factors, and patho-physiological mechanisms of AF has greatly increased. Sex differences have been identified in the prevalence, clinical presentation, associated comorbidities, and therapy outcomes of AF. Although it is known that age-related prevalence of AF is lower in women than in men, women have worse and often atypical symptoms and worse quality of life as well as a higher risk for adverse events such as stroke and death associated with AF. In this review, we evaluate what is known about sex differences in AF mechanisms-covering structural, electrophysiological, and hormonal factors-and underscore areas of knowledge gaps for future studies. Increasing our understanding of mechanisms accounting for these sex differences in AF is important both for prognostic purposes and the optimization of (targeted, mechanism-based, and sex-specific) therapeutic approaches.
KW - Atrial fibrillation
KW - Sex differences
KW - Mechanisms
KW - Electrophysiology
KW - Structural remodelling
KW - Sex hormones
KW - Estrogen
KW - GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES
KW - EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE-TISSUE
KW - HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY
KW - PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
KW - QT-INTERVAL
KW - DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
KW - FAMILIAL AGGREGATION
KW - GENOMIC REGULATION
KW - CATHETER ABLATION
KW - POTASSIUM CHANNEL
U2 - 10.1093/europace/euy215
DO - 10.1093/europace/euy215
M3 - (Systematic) Review article
C2 - 30351414
SN - 1099-5129
VL - 21
SP - 366
EP - 376
JO - EP Europace
JF - EP Europace
IS - 3
ER -