Impact of Weight Loss Strategies on Obesity-Induced DNA Damage

Tahereh Setayesh, Miroslav Misik, Sabine A. S. Langie, Roger Godschalk, Monika Waldherr, Thomas Bauer, Sabine Leitner, Christoph Bichler, Gerhard Prager, Georg Krupitza, Alexander Haslberger, Siegfried Knasmueller*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Scope Obesity causes DNA damage, which is causally related to several disorders including cancer, infertility, and cognitive dysfunctions. The aim of this study is to investigate whether weight loss improves the integrity of the genetic material. Methods and Results Overweight mice are fed ad libitum either with a Western diet (WD), with a 40% caloric restricted WD, or with a high carbohydrate low protein (HCLP) diet. Caloric restriction and also the HCLP diet lead to ca. 30% weight loss, which is paralleled by decreased DNA damage ("comet" formation) and oxidative damage of purines in inner organs, additionally the activity of nucleotide excision repair increased. The effects are more pronounced in animals that have received the HCLP chow. Results of biochemical analyses indicate that the reduction of DNA damage is associated with a decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lower insulin levels. Conclusion The study indicates that weight loss may prevent obesity-associated adverse health effects due to reduction of overall DNA damage.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1900045
Number of pages9
JournalMolecular Nutrition & Food Research
Volume63
Issue number17
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2019

Keywords

  • DNA damage
  • DNA repair
  • inflammation
  • weight loss
  • Western diet
  • NUCLEOTIDE-EXCISION-REPAIR
  • DIET-INDUCED OBESITY
  • OXIDATIVE STRESS
  • COMET ASSAY
  • HIGH-FAT
  • ADIPOSE-TISSUE
  • WESTERN DIET
  • LOW-PROTEIN
  • CANCER
  • INSTABILITY

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