Duration of preclinical, prodromal, and dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease in relation to age, sex, and APOE genotype

Lisa Vermunt*, Sietske A. M. Sikkes, Ardo van den Hout, Ron Handels, Isabelle Bos, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Silke Kern, Pierre-Jean Ousset, Paul Maruff, Ingmar Skoog, Frans R. J. Verhey, Yvonne Freund-Levi, Magda Tsolaki, Asa K. Wallin, Marcel Olde Rikkert, Hilkka Soininen, Luisa Spiru, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Philip ScheltensGraciela Muniz-Terrera, Pieter Jelle Visser, B. Vellas, E. Reynish, P. J. Ousset, S. Andrieu, A. Burns, F. Pasquier, G. Frisoni, E. Salmon, J. P. Michel, D. S. Zekry, M. Boada, J. F. Dartigues, M. G. M. Olde-Rikkert, A. S. Rigaud, B. Winblad, A. Malick, A. Sinclair, L. Froelich, P. Scheltens, C. Ribera, J. Touchon, P. Robert, A. Salva, G. Waldemar, R. Bullock, M. Tsolaki, G. Rodriguez, L. Spiru, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, AIBL Research Group, ICTUS study group, DSA Study Group

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Introduction: We estimated the age-specific duration of the preclinical, prodromal, and dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the influence of sex, setting, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, and cerebrospinal fluid tau on disease duration.

Methods: We performed multistate modeling in a combined sample of 6 cohorts (n = 3268) with death as the end stage and estimated the preclinical, prodromal, and dementia stage duration.

Results: The overall AD duration varied between 24 years (age 60) and 15 years (age 80). For individuals presenting with preclinical AD, age 70, the estimated preclinical AD duration was 10 years, prodromal AD 4 years, and dementia 6 years. Male sex, clinical setting, APOE epsilon 4 allele carriership, and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid tau were associated with a shorter duration, and these effects depended on disease stage.

Discussion: Estimates of AD disease duration become more accurate if age, sex, setting, APOE, and cerebrospinal fluid tau are taken into account. This will be relevant for clinical practice and trial design. (C) 2019 the Alzheimer's Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)888-898
Number of pages11
JournalAlzheimer's & Dementia
Volume15
Issue number7
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2019

Keywords

  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Disease duration
  • Preclinical
  • Prodromal
  • Dementia
  • APOE
  • Clinical setting
  • Progression
  • Multistate model
  • MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
  • BETA-AMYLOID 1-42
  • ASSOCIATION WORKGROUPS
  • DIAGNOSTIC GUIDELINES
  • NATIONAL INSTITUTE
  • RISK-FACTORS
  • DECLINE
  • PREVALENCE
  • NEURODEGENERATION
  • RECOMMENDATIONS

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