Comparison of compression properties of stretchable knitted fabrics and bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments

Stretchable fabrics have diverse applications ranging from casual apparel to performance sportswear and
compression therapy. Compression therapy is the universally accepted treatment for the management
of hypertrophic scarring after severe burns. Mostly stretchable knitted fabrics are used in compression
therapy; but in the recent past, some studies have also been found on bi-stretch woven fabrics being
used as compression garments as they also have been found quite effective in the treatment of edema.
Therefore, the objective of the present study is to compare the compression properties of stretchable
knitted and bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments. For this purpose, four woven structures
and four knitted structures were produced having same areal density and their compression, comfort and
mechanical properties were compared before and after 5, 10 and 15 washes. The four knitted structures
used were single jersey, single locaste, plain pique and honeycomb, whereas the four woven structures
produced were 1/1 plain, 2/1 twill, 3/1 twill and 4/1 twill. The compression properties of the produced
samples were tested by using kikuhime pressure sensor and it was found that bi-stretch woven fabrics
possessed better compression properties before and after washes and retain their durability after repeated
use, whereas knitted stretchable fabrics lost their compression ability after repeated use and the required
sub-garment pressure of the knitted structures after 15 washes was almost half that of woven bi-stretch
fabrics.