Abstract
Purpose Data on the relation between linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk are scarce and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum LA and ALA with fasting and 2 h post-load plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
Method This study included 667 participants from third examination (2000) of the population-based Hoorn study in which individuals with glucose intolerance were over-represented. Fatty acid profiles in serum total lipids were measured at baseline, in 2000. Diabetes risk markers were measured at baseline and follow-up in 2008. Linear regression models were used in cross-sectional and prospective analyses.
Results In cross-sectional analyses (n = 667), serum LA was inversely associated with plasma glucose, both in fasting conditions (B = -0.024 [-0.045, -0.002]) and 2 h after glucose tolerance test (B = -0.099 [-0.158, -0.039]), but not with HbA1c (B = 0.000 [-0.014, 0.013]), after adjustment for relevant factors. In prospective analyses (n = 257), serum LA was not associated with fasting (B = 0.003 [-0.019, 0.025]) or post-load glucose (B = -0.026 [-0.100, 0.049]). Furthermore, no significant associations were found between serum ALA and glucose metabolism in cross-sectional or prospective analyses.
Conclusions In this study, serum LA was inversely associated with fasting and post-load glucose in cross-sectional, but not in prospective analyses. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of serum LA and ALA levels and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in glucose metabolism.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2171-2180 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | European Journal of Nutrition |
Volume | 56 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Sept 2017 |
Keywords
- Serum fatty acids
- Linoleic acid
- Alpha-linolenic acid
- Type 2 diabetes
- Glucose
- Hemoglobin A1c
- DIETARY FATTY-ACIDS
- FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE
- MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS
- ARTERIAL STIFFNESS
- HDL-CHOLESTEROL
- SATURATED FAT
- SERUM-LIPIDS
- RISK
- PLASMA
- METAANALYSIS