Weekday sunlight exposure, but not vitamin D intake, influences the association between vitamin D receptor genotype and circulating concentration 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a pan-European population: the Food4Me study

Katherine M. Livingstone, Carlos Celis-Morales, Ulrich Hoeller, Christina P. Lambrinou, George Moschonis, Anna L. Macready, Rosalind Fallaize, Manuela Baur, Franz F. Roos, Igor Bendik, Keith Grimaldi, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Rodrigo San-Cristobal, Peter Weber, Christian A. Drevon, Yannis Manios, Iwona Traczyk, Eileen R. Gibney, Julie A. Lovegrove, Wim H. SarisHannelore Daniel, Mike Gibney, J. Alfredo Martinez, Lorraine Brennan, Tom R. Hill, John C. Mathers*, Food4Me Study

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

ScopeLittle is known about diet- and environment-gene interactions on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D concentration. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate (i) predictors of 25(OH)D concentration and relationships with vitamin D genotypes and (ii) whether dietary vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure modified these relationships.

Methods and resultsParticipants from the Food4Me study (n = 1312; age 18-79) were genotyped for vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein at baseline and a genetic risk score was calculated. Dried blood spot samples were assayed for 25(OH)D concentration and dietary and lifestyle information collected. Circulating 25(OH)D concentration was lower with increasing genetic risk score, lower in females than males, higher in supplement users than non-users and higher in summer than winter. Carriage of the minor VDR allele was associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration in participants with the least sunlight exposure. Vitamin D genotype did not influence the relationship between vitamin D intake and 25(OH)D concentration.

ConclusionAge, sex, dietary vitamin D intake, country, sunlight exposure, season, and vitamin D genetic risk score were associated with circulating 25(OH)D concentration in a pan-European population. The relationship between VDR genotype and 25(OH)D concentration may be influenced by weekday sunlight exposure but not dietary vitamin D intake.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1600476
Number of pages10
JournalMolecular Nutrition & Food Research
Volume61
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2017

Keywords

  • Diet
  • Environment-gene interaction
  • Food4Me
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D
  • Sunlight
  • Vitamin D receptor gene
  • D-BINDING PROTEIN
  • RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
  • GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION
  • D DEFICIENCY
  • ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION
  • PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
  • DIETARY-INTAKE
  • DETERMINANTS
  • NUTRITION
  • ADULTS

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