Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate whether higher blood pressure and greater arterial stiffness are associated with the presence of macular cysts and whether this association is already present in the absence of micro-aneurysms in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), we performed a macular volume scan in 2647 individuals (mean age 60 ± 8 years, 50% men, 27% type 2 diabetes). The association between macular cysts and 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility was assessed by use of logistic regression.
RESULTS: Twenty-four hours systolic blood pressure was associated with the presence of macular cysts [OR = 1.03 (95% CI 1.00-1.05) per 1 mmHg, p = 0.03]. 24 hr pulse pressure [OR = 1.61 (95% CI 1.11-2.34) per 10 mmHg, p = 0.01] and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [OR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.02-1.32) per 1 m/s, p = 0.02] were associated with macular cysts, while carotid distensibility was not [OR = 1.03 (95% CI 0.96-1.11) per 1.0*10-3 /kPa, p = 0.45]. Associations were similar in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes and were already present in the absence of micro-aneurysms.
CONCLUSION: Twenty-four hours systolic blood pressure, 24 hr pulse pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity are associated with the presence of OCT-detected macular cysts in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes, even in the absence of micro-aneurysms. Therefore, blood pressure and aortic stiffness are potential factors contributing to macular cysts.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | e860-e868 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Acta Ophthalmologica |
Volume | 99 |
Issue number | 6 |
Early online date | 30 Nov 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Sept 2021 |
Keywords
- macular cysts
- optical coherence tomography
- type 2 diabetes
- vascular risk factors
- EXPERT CONSENSUS DOCUMENT
- INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS
- BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER
- ARTERIAL STIFFNESS
- DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY
- AORTIC STIFFNESS
- PULSE PRESSURE
- CAROTID-ARTERY
- EDEMA
- EPIDEMIOLOGY