Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review

D.M. Mijnarends; J.M.M. Meijers; R.J.G. Halfens; S. ter Borg; Y.C. Luiking; S. Verlaan; D. Schoberer; A.J. Cruz Jentoft; L.J.C. van Loon; J.M.G.A. Schols

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009

Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review

D.M. Mijnarends^*, J.M.M. Meijers, R.J.G. Halfens, S. ter Borg, Y.C. Luiking, S. Verlaan, D. Schoberer, A.J. Cruz Jentoft, L.J.C. van Loon, J.M.G.A. Schols

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Background: This study critically appraises the measurement properties of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people. This can support the selection of a valid and reliable set of tools that is feasible for future screening and identification of sarcopenia.

Methods: The databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Cochrane were systematically searched (January 11, 2012). Studies were included if they investigated the measurement properties or feasibility, or both, of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people aged >60 years. The consensus-based standards for the selection of health status measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used for quality appraisal of the studies.

Results: Sixty-two publications were deemed eligible, including tools for muscle mass (n = 16), muscle strength (n = 15), and physical performance (n = 31). Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and a 4-compartment model were used as gold standards for muscle mass assessment. Other frequently used measures of muscle mass are dual-energy x-ray and the bioelectrical impedance (BIA); however, reliability data of the BIA are lacking. Handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery provide a valid and reliable measurement of muscle strength and physical performance, respectively.

Conclusions: It can be concluded that several tools are available for valid and reliable measurements of muscle mass, strength, and performance in clinical settings. For a home-setting BIA, handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery are the most valid, reliable, and feasible. The combination of selected instruments and its use for the screening and identification of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people need further evaluation. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Medical Directors Association, Inc.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	170-178
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
Volume	14
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009
Publication status	Published - Mar 2013

Keywords

Muscle mass
muscle function
community-dwelling
measurement properties
FAT-FREE MASS
BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS
X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY
6-MINUTE WALK TEST
LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
HAND-HELD DYNAMOMETRY
BODY-COMPOSITION
GRIP STRENGTH
FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE

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10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009

Cite this

Mijnarends, D. M., Meijers, J. M. M., Halfens, R. J. G., ter Borg, S., Luiking, Y. C., Verlaan, S., Schoberer, D., Cruz Jentoft, A. J., van Loon, L. J. C., & Schols, J. M. G. A. (2013). Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 14(3), 170-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009

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title = "Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review",

abstract = "Background: This study critically appraises the measurement properties of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people. This can support the selection of a valid and reliable set of tools that is feasible for future screening and identification of sarcopenia.Methods: The databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Cochrane were systematically searched (January 11, 2012). Studies were included if they investigated the measurement properties or feasibility, or both, of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people aged >60 years. The consensus-based standards for the selection of health status measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used for quality appraisal of the studies.Results: Sixty-two publications were deemed eligible, including tools for muscle mass (n = 16), muscle strength (n = 15), and physical performance (n = 31). Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and a 4-compartment model were used as gold standards for muscle mass assessment. Other frequently used measures of muscle mass are dual-energy x-ray and the bioelectrical impedance (BIA); however, reliability data of the BIA are lacking. Handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery provide a valid and reliable measurement of muscle strength and physical performance, respectively.Conclusions: It can be concluded that several tools are available for valid and reliable measurements of muscle mass, strength, and performance in clinical settings. For a home-setting BIA, handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery are the most valid, reliable, and feasible. The combination of selected instruments and its use for the screening and identification of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people need further evaluation. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Medical Directors Association, Inc.",

keywords = "Muscle mass, muscle function, community-dwelling, measurement properties, FAT-FREE MASS, BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS, X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY, 6-MINUTE WALK TEST, LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION, TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY, HAND-HELD DYNAMOMETRY, BODY-COMPOSITION, GRIP STRENGTH, FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE",

author = "D.M. Mijnarends and J.M.M. Meijers and R.J.G. Halfens and {ter Borg}, S. and Y.C. Luiking and S. Verlaan and D. Schoberer and {Cruz Jentoft}, A.J. and {van Loon}, L.J.C. and J.M.G.A. Schols",

year = "2013",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009",

language = "English",

volume = "14",

pages = "170--178",

journal = "Journal of the American Medical Directors Association",

issn = "1525-8610",

publisher = "Elsevier Science",

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Mijnarends, DM, Meijers, JMM, Halfens, RJG, ter Borg, S, Luiking, YC, Verlaan, S, Schoberer, D, Cruz Jentoft, AJ, van Loon, LJC & Schols, JMGA 2013, 'Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review', Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 170-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009

Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review. / Mijnarends, D.M.; Meijers, J.M.M.; Halfens, R.J.G. et al.
In: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, Vol. 14, No. 3, 03.2013, p. 170-178.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review

AU - Mijnarends, D.M.

AU - Meijers, J.M.M.

AU - Halfens, R.J.G.

AU - ter Borg, S.

AU - Luiking, Y.C.

AU - Verlaan, S.

AU - Schoberer, D.

AU - Cruz Jentoft, A.J.

AU - van Loon, L.J.C.

AU - Schols, J.M.G.A.

PY - 2013/3

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N2 - Background: This study critically appraises the measurement properties of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people. This can support the selection of a valid and reliable set of tools that is feasible for future screening and identification of sarcopenia.Methods: The databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Cochrane were systematically searched (January 11, 2012). Studies were included if they investigated the measurement properties or feasibility, or both, of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people aged >60 years. The consensus-based standards for the selection of health status measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used for quality appraisal of the studies.Results: Sixty-two publications were deemed eligible, including tools for muscle mass (n = 16), muscle strength (n = 15), and physical performance (n = 31). Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and a 4-compartment model were used as gold standards for muscle mass assessment. Other frequently used measures of muscle mass are dual-energy x-ray and the bioelectrical impedance (BIA); however, reliability data of the BIA are lacking. Handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery provide a valid and reliable measurement of muscle strength and physical performance, respectively.Conclusions: It can be concluded that several tools are available for valid and reliable measurements of muscle mass, strength, and performance in clinical settings. For a home-setting BIA, handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery are the most valid, reliable, and feasible. The combination of selected instruments and its use for the screening and identification of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people need further evaluation. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Medical Directors Association, Inc.

AB - Background: This study critically appraises the measurement properties of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people. This can support the selection of a valid and reliable set of tools that is feasible for future screening and identification of sarcopenia.Methods: The databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Cochrane were systematically searched (January 11, 2012). Studies were included if they investigated the measurement properties or feasibility, or both, of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people aged >60 years. The consensus-based standards for the selection of health status measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used for quality appraisal of the studies.Results: Sixty-two publications were deemed eligible, including tools for muscle mass (n = 16), muscle strength (n = 15), and physical performance (n = 31). Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and a 4-compartment model were used as gold standards for muscle mass assessment. Other frequently used measures of muscle mass are dual-energy x-ray and the bioelectrical impedance (BIA); however, reliability data of the BIA are lacking. Handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery provide a valid and reliable measurement of muscle strength and physical performance, respectively.Conclusions: It can be concluded that several tools are available for valid and reliable measurements of muscle mass, strength, and performance in clinical settings. For a home-setting BIA, handheld dynamometry and gait speed or a short physical performance battery are the most valid, reliable, and feasible. The combination of selected instruments and its use for the screening and identification of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people need further evaluation. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Medical Directors Association, Inc.

KW - Muscle mass

KW - muscle function

KW - community-dwelling

KW - measurement properties

KW - FAT-FREE MASS

KW - BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS

KW - X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY

KW - 6-MINUTE WALK TEST

KW - LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION

KW - TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY

KW - HAND-HELD DYNAMOMETRY

KW - BODY-COMPOSITION

KW - GRIP STRENGTH

KW - FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE

U2 - 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009

DO - 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009

M3 - Article

C2 - 23276432

SN - 1525-8610

VL - 14

SP - 170

EP - 178

JO - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

JF - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

IS - 3

ER -