Towards the next generation of orthopedic implants: tackling biofilm formation and biomechanical failure

This thesis investigated strategies to improve the success of artificial joint replacements, such as hip, knee, ankle, and wrist implants. It addressed two major problems that often lead to surgical failure: serious infections caused by bacteria forming a biofilm, and the loosening of implants due to biomechanical issues. To fight infections without relying on traditional antibiotics, the research tested new antimicrobial coatings and used advanced imaging techniques to understand how bacteria behave on different implant surfaces. For the ankle and wrist, which currently experience high failure rates, computer simulations were used to show how slight malalignments can cause damaging stress levels in the bone. Additionally, a new type of wrist implant was designed and tested to see if it could better mimic natural movement. Ultimately, this work provides new tools and methods to make joint replacements more reliable, helping patients move without pain and avoiding the need for difficult revision surgeries.