The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment

F. Acernese; M. Agathos; A. Ain; S. Albanesi; A. Allocca; A. Amato; T. Andrade; N. Andres; M. Andres-Carcasona; T. Andric; S. Ansoldi; S. Antier; T. Apostolatos; E.Z. Appavuravther; M. Arene; N. Arnaud; M. Assiduo; S.A.D. Melo; P. Astone; F. Aubin; T. Avgitas; S. Babak; F. Badaracco; M.K.M. Bader; S. Bagnasco; J. Baird; T. Baka; G. Ballardin; G. Baltus; B. Banerjee; C. Barbieri; P. Barneo; F. Barone; M. Barsuglia; D. Barta; A. Basti; M. Bawaj; M. Bazzan; F. Beirnaert; M. Bejger; I. Belahcene; V. Benedetto; M. Berbel; S. Bernuzzi; D. Bersanetti; A. Bertolini; U. Bhardwaj; A. Bianchi; S. Bini; M. Bischi; S. Danilishin; S. Hild; G. Koekoek; A. Singha; V. Spagnuolo; J. Steinlechner; S. Steinlechner; A. Utina; J.F.J. van den Brand

doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a

The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment

F. Acernese^*, M. Agathos, A. Ain, S. Albanesi, A. Allocca, A. Amato, T. Andrade, N. Andres, M. Andres-Carcasona, T. Andric, S. Ansoldi, S. Antier, T. Apostolatos, E.Z. Appavuravther, M. Arene, N. Arnaud, M. Assiduo, S.A.D. Melo, P. Astone, F. AubinT. Avgitas, S. Babak, F. Badaracco, M.K.M. Bader, S. Bagnasco, J. Baird, T. Baka, G. Ballardin, G. Baltus, B. Banerjee, C. Barbieri, P. Barneo, F. Barone, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, M. Bazzan, F. Beirnaert, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, V. Benedetto, M. Berbel, S. Bernuzzi, D. Bersanetti, A. Bertolini, U. Bhardwaj, A. Bianchi, S. Bini, M. Bischi, S. Danilishin, S. Hild, G. Koekoek, A. Singha, V. Spagnuolo, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, A. Utina, J.F.J. van den Brand

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Sources of geophysical noise (such as wind, sea waves and earthquakes) or of anthropogenic noise impact ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors, causing transient sensitivity worsening and gaps in data taking. During the one year-long third observing run (O3: from April 01, 2019 to March 27, 2020), the Virgo Collaboration collected a statistically significant dataset, used in this article to study the response of the detector to a variety of environmental conditions. We correlated environmental parameters to global detector performance, such as observation range, duty cycle and control losses. Where possible, we identified weaknesses in the detector that will be used to elaborate strategies in order to improve Virgo robustness against external disturbances for the next data taking period, O4, currently planned to start at the end of 2022. The lessons learned could also provide useful insights for the design of the next generation of ground-based interferometers.

Original language	English
Article number	235009
Number of pages	40
Journal	Classical and Quantum Gravity
Volume	39
Issue number	23
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2022

Keywords

Advanced Virgo detector
gravitational waves
interferometer
observing run 3
environmental monitoring
environment impact
sensitivity and duty cycle
MONITORING-SYSTEM
ANTENNA

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10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a

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Acernese, F., Agathos, M., Ain, A., Albanesi, S., Allocca, A., Amato, A., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andres-Carcasona, M., Andric, T., Ansoldi, S., Antier, S., Apostolatos, T., Appavuravther, E. Z., Arene, M., Arnaud, N., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. A. D., Astone, P., ... van den Brand, J. F. J. (2022). The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 39(23), Article 235009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a

@article{ff56dd8faeb4423dbe550fb407c8d343,

title = "The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment",

abstract = "Sources of geophysical noise (such as wind, sea waves and earthquakes) or of anthropogenic noise impact ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors, causing transient sensitivity worsening and gaps in data taking. During the one year-long third observing run (O3: from April 01, 2019 to March 27, 2020), the Virgo Collaboration collected a statistically significant dataset, used in this article to study the response of the detector to a variety of environmental conditions. We correlated environmental parameters to global detector performance, such as observation range, duty cycle and control losses. Where possible, we identified weaknesses in the detector that will be used to elaborate strategies in order to improve Virgo robustness against external disturbances for the next data taking period, O4, currently planned to start at the end of 2022. The lessons learned could also provide useful insights for the design of the next generation of ground-based interferometers.",

keywords = "Advanced Virgo detector, gravitational waves, interferometer, observing run 3, environmental monitoring, environment impact, sensitivity and duty cycle, MONITORING-SYSTEM, ANTENNA",

author = "F. Acernese and M. Agathos and A. Ain and S. Albanesi and A. Allocca and A. Amato and T. Andrade and N. Andres and M. Andres-Carcasona and T. Andric and S. Ansoldi and S. Antier and T. Apostolatos and E.Z. Appavuravther and M. Arene and N. Arnaud and M. Assiduo and S.A.D. Melo and P. Astone and F. Aubin and T. Avgitas and S. Babak and F. Badaracco and M.K.M. Bader and S. Bagnasco and J. Baird and T. Baka and G. Ballardin and G. Baltus and B. Banerjee and C. Barbieri and P. Barneo and F. Barone and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and A. Basti and M. Bawaj and M. Bazzan and F. Beirnaert and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and V. Benedetto and M. Berbel and S. Bernuzzi and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and U. Bhardwaj and A. Bianchi and S. Bini and M. Bischi and S. Danilishin and S. Hild and G. Koekoek and A. Singha and V. Spagnuolo and J. Steinlechner and S. Steinlechner and A. Utina and {van den Brand}, J.F.J.",

note = "Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigaci{\'o}n, the Consellera d{\textquoteright}Innovaci{\'o}, Universitats, Ci{\`e}ncia i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the European Union—European Regional Development Fund; Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concert{\'e}es (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek—Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the European Commission. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN, CNRS and Nikhef for provision of computational resources. We would like to thank all of the essential workers who put their health at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, without whom we would not have been able to complete this work. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a",

language = "English",

volume = "39",

journal = "Classical and Quantum Gravity",

issn = "0264-9381",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "23",

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Acernese, F, Agathos, M, Ain, A, Albanesi, S, Allocca, A, Amato, A, Andrade, T, Andres, N, Andres-Carcasona, M, Andric, T, Ansoldi, S, Antier, S, Apostolatos, T, Appavuravther, EZ, Arene, M, Arnaud, N, Assiduo, M, Melo, SAD, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Avgitas, T, Babak, S, Badaracco, F, Bader, MKM, Bagnasco, S, Baird, J, Baka, T, Ballardin, G, Baltus, G, Banerjee, B, Barbieri, C, Barneo, P, Barone, F, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bazzan, M, Beirnaert, F, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Benedetto, V, Berbel, M, Bernuzzi, S, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Bhardwaj, U, Bianchi, A, Bini, S, Bischi, M, Danilishin, S , Hild, S , Koekoek, G , Singha, A, Spagnuolo, V, Steinlechner, J , Steinlechner, S, Utina, A & van den Brand, JFJ 2022, 'The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment', Classical and Quantum Gravity, vol. 39, no. 23, 235009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Albanesi, S.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Andrade, T.

AU - Andres, N.

AU - Andres-Carcasona, M.

AU - Andric, T.

AU - Ansoldi, S.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Apostolatos, T.

AU - Appavuravther, E.Z.

AU - Arene, M.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Assiduo, M.

AU - Melo, S.A.D.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Aubin, F.

AU - Avgitas, T.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Badaracco, F.

AU - Bader, M.K.M.

AU - Bagnasco, S.

AU - Baird, J.

AU - Baka, T.

AU - Ballardin, G.

AU - Baltus, G.

AU - Banerjee, B.

AU - Barbieri, C.

AU - Barneo, P.

AU - Barone, F.

AU - Barsuglia, M.

AU - Barta, D.

AU - Basti, A.

AU - Bawaj, M.

AU - Bazzan, M.

AU - Beirnaert, F.

AU - Bejger, M.

AU - Belahcene, I.

AU - Benedetto, V.

AU - Berbel, M.

AU - Bernuzzi, S.

AU - Bersanetti, D.

AU - Bertolini, A.

AU - Bhardwaj, U.

AU - Bianchi, A.

AU - Bini, S.

AU - Bischi, M.

AU - Danilishin, S.

AU - Hild, S.

AU - Koekoek, G.

AU - Singha, A.

AU - Spagnuolo, V.

AU - Steinlechner, J.

AU - Steinlechner, S.

AU - Utina, A.

AU - van den Brand, J.F.J.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, the Consellera d’Innovació, Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the European Union—European Regional Development Fund; Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concertées (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek—Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the European Commission. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN, CNRS and Nikhef for provision of computational resources. We would like to thank all of the essential workers who put their health at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, without whom we would not have been able to complete this work. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.

PY - 2022/12/1

Y1 - 2022/12/1

N2 - Sources of geophysical noise (such as wind, sea waves and earthquakes) or of anthropogenic noise impact ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors, causing transient sensitivity worsening and gaps in data taking. During the one year-long third observing run (O3: from April 01, 2019 to March 27, 2020), the Virgo Collaboration collected a statistically significant dataset, used in this article to study the response of the detector to a variety of environmental conditions. We correlated environmental parameters to global detector performance, such as observation range, duty cycle and control losses. Where possible, we identified weaknesses in the detector that will be used to elaborate strategies in order to improve Virgo robustness against external disturbances for the next data taking period, O4, currently planned to start at the end of 2022. The lessons learned could also provide useful insights for the design of the next generation of ground-based interferometers.

AB - Sources of geophysical noise (such as wind, sea waves and earthquakes) or of anthropogenic noise impact ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors, causing transient sensitivity worsening and gaps in data taking. During the one year-long third observing run (O3: from April 01, 2019 to March 27, 2020), the Virgo Collaboration collected a statistically significant dataset, used in this article to study the response of the detector to a variety of environmental conditions. We correlated environmental parameters to global detector performance, such as observation range, duty cycle and control losses. Where possible, we identified weaknesses in the detector that will be used to elaborate strategies in order to improve Virgo robustness against external disturbances for the next data taking period, O4, currently planned to start at the end of 2022. The lessons learned could also provide useful insights for the design of the next generation of ground-based interferometers.

KW - Advanced Virgo detector

KW - gravitational waves

KW - interferometer

KW - observing run 3

KW - environmental monitoring

KW - environment impact

KW - sensitivity and duty cycle

KW - MONITORING-SYSTEM

KW - ANTENNA

U2 - 10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a

DO - 10.1088/1361-6382/ac776a

M3 - Article

SN - 0264-9381

VL - 39

JO - Classical and Quantum Gravity

JF - Classical and Quantum Gravity

IS - 23

M1 - 235009

ER -

The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment

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Keywords

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