TY - JOUR
T1 - The prebiotic inulin improves substrate metabolism and promotes short-chain fatty acid production in overweight to obese men
AU - van der Beek, Christina M.
AU - Canfora, Emanuel E.
AU - Kip, Anna M.
AU - Gorissen, Stefan H. M.
AU - Damink, Steven W. M. Olde
AU - van Eijk, Hans M.
AU - Holst, Jens J.
AU - Blaak, Ellen E.
AU - Dejong, Cornelis H. C.
AU - Lenaerts, Kaatje
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - Background and Aims: Human gut microbiota play an important role in maintaining human health. Dietary fibers, i.e. prebiotics, are fermented by human gut microbiota into the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate. SCFAs promote fat oxidation and improve metabolic health. Therefore, the prebiotic inulin might be an effective dietary strategy to improve human metabolism. We aimed to investigate the acute metabolic effects of ingesting inulin compared with digestible carbohydrates and to trace inulin-derived SCFAs using stable isotope tracer methodology.Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover design, 14 healthy, overweight to obese men consumed a high-fat milkshake containing A) 24 g inulin of which 0.5 g was U-C-13-inulin (INU) or B) 24 g maltodextrin placebo (PLA), with a wash-out period of at least five days. Fat oxidation was measured via an open-circuit ventilated hood and blood samples were collected up to 7 h after ingestion. Plasma, breath, and fecal samples were collected, and appetite and satiety scores were assessed.Results: Fat oxidation increased in the early postprandial phase (0-3 h), and both plasma glucose and insulin were lower after INU ingestion compared with PLA (all P <0.05). Plasma free fatty acids were higher in the early, and lower in the late postprandial period after INU ingestion. Inulin was fermented into SCFAs as indicated by higher plasma acetate concentrations after INU compared with PLA (P <0.05). In addition, we found continuous increases in plasma C-13-SCFA enrichments (P <0.05 from t = 120 onwards) and breath (CO2)-C-13 enrichments after INU intake. There were no effects on plasma triglycerides, free glycerol, satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY, and appetite and satiety scores.Conclusions: Ingestion of the prebiotic inulin improves fat oxidation and promotes SCFA production in overweight to obese men. Overall, replacing digestible carbohydrates with the fermentable inulin may favor human substrate metabolism. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
AB - Background and Aims: Human gut microbiota play an important role in maintaining human health. Dietary fibers, i.e. prebiotics, are fermented by human gut microbiota into the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate. SCFAs promote fat oxidation and improve metabolic health. Therefore, the prebiotic inulin might be an effective dietary strategy to improve human metabolism. We aimed to investigate the acute metabolic effects of ingesting inulin compared with digestible carbohydrates and to trace inulin-derived SCFAs using stable isotope tracer methodology.Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover design, 14 healthy, overweight to obese men consumed a high-fat milkshake containing A) 24 g inulin of which 0.5 g was U-C-13-inulin (INU) or B) 24 g maltodextrin placebo (PLA), with a wash-out period of at least five days. Fat oxidation was measured via an open-circuit ventilated hood and blood samples were collected up to 7 h after ingestion. Plasma, breath, and fecal samples were collected, and appetite and satiety scores were assessed.Results: Fat oxidation increased in the early postprandial phase (0-3 h), and both plasma glucose and insulin were lower after INU ingestion compared with PLA (all P <0.05). Plasma free fatty acids were higher in the early, and lower in the late postprandial period after INU ingestion. Inulin was fermented into SCFAs as indicated by higher plasma acetate concentrations after INU compared with PLA (P <0.05). In addition, we found continuous increases in plasma C-13-SCFA enrichments (P <0.05 from t = 120 onwards) and breath (CO2)-C-13 enrichments after INU intake. There were no effects on plasma triglycerides, free glycerol, satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY, and appetite and satiety scores.Conclusions: Ingestion of the prebiotic inulin improves fat oxidation and promotes SCFA production in overweight to obese men. Overall, replacing digestible carbohydrates with the fermentable inulin may favor human substrate metabolism. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KW - Microbiota
KW - Prebiotic
KW - Obesity
KW - Fat oxidation
KW - Acetate
KW - CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY
KW - DISTINCT FERMENTATION PATTERNS
KW - INSULIN-RESISTANCE
KW - GLYCEMIC RESPONSE
KW - OXIDATION RATES
KW - GUT-MICROBIOTA
KW - ENRICHED PASTA
KW - BODY-WEIGHT
KW - HUMAN COLON
KW - HEALTHY
U2 - 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.06.009
DO - 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.06.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 29953876
SN - 0026-0495
VL - 87
SP - 25
EP - 35
JO - Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental
JF - Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental
ER -