TY - JOUR
T1 - The clinical importance of suspected non-Alzheimer disease pathophysiology
AU - Vos, Stephanie J.B.
AU - Delvenne, Aurore
AU - Jack, Clifford R.
AU - Thal, Dietmar R.
AU - Visser, Pieter Jelle
N1 - Funding Information:
S.J.B.V. has received funding from ZonMW (SNAP VIMP grant no. 7330505021), Stichting Adriana van Rinsum-Ponssen and the EPND project, which received funding from the European Commision, IMI 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no. 101034344. The IMI JU receives support from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA. D.R.T. has received speakers\u2019 honoraria from Biogen and travel reimbursement from UCB and has collaborated with Novartis Pharma AG, Probiodrug, GE-Healthcare and Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies. He receives funding from Stichting Alzheimer Onderzoek (SAO/FRA 2020/017), Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Vlaanderen) (G0F8516N, G065721N), Alzheimer Association (22-AAIIA-963171) and KU-Leuven Internal Funding (C14/22/132; C3/20/057). P.J.V. has received funding from the European Commission, IMI 2 JU, AMYPAD grant no. 115952; European Commission, IMI 2 JU, RADAR-AD grant no. 806999; and European Commission, IMI 2 JU, EPND grant no. 101034344. He has also received funding from Zon-MW, Redefining Alzheimer\u2019s disease, grant no. 733050824736; and Biogen (Amyloid Biomarker Study Group). Grants were paid to the university. A.D. and C.R.J. declare no competing interests.
Publisher Copyright:
© Springer Nature Limited 2024.. © Springer Nature Limited 2024. © Springer Nature Limited 2024..
PY - 2024/6
Y1 - 2024/6
N2 - The development of biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) has led to the origin of suspected non-AD pathophysiology (SNAP) — a heterogeneous biomarker-based concept that describes individuals with normal amyloid and abnormal tau and/or neurodegeneration biomarker status. In this Review, we describe the origins of the SNAP construct, along with its prevalence, diagnostic and prognostic implications, and underlying neuropathology. As we discuss, SNAP can be operationalized using different biomarker modalities, which could affect prevalence estimates and reported characteristics of SNAP in ways that are not yet fully understood. Moreover, the underlying aetiologies that lead to a SNAP biomarker profile, and whether SNAP is the same in people with and without cognitive impairment, remains unclear. Improved insight into the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of SNAP is of major importance for research and clinical practice, as well as for trial design to optimize care and treatment of individuals with SNAP.
AB - The development of biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) has led to the origin of suspected non-AD pathophysiology (SNAP) — a heterogeneous biomarker-based concept that describes individuals with normal amyloid and abnormal tau and/or neurodegeneration biomarker status. In this Review, we describe the origins of the SNAP construct, along with its prevalence, diagnostic and prognostic implications, and underlying neuropathology. As we discuss, SNAP can be operationalized using different biomarker modalities, which could affect prevalence estimates and reported characteristics of SNAP in ways that are not yet fully understood. Moreover, the underlying aetiologies that lead to a SNAP biomarker profile, and whether SNAP is the same in people with and without cognitive impairment, remains unclear. Improved insight into the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of SNAP is of major importance for research and clinical practice, as well as for trial design to optimize care and treatment of individuals with SNAP.
U2 - 10.1038/s41582-024-00962-y
DO - 10.1038/s41582-024-00962-y
M3 - (Systematic) Review article
SN - 1759-4758
VL - 20
SP - 337
EP - 346
JO - Nature Reviews Neurology
JF - Nature Reviews Neurology
IS - 6
ER -