TY - JOUR
T1 - TGF-beta 1/ALK5-induced monocyte migration involves PI3K and p38 pathways and is not negatively affected by diabetes mellitus
AU - Olieslagers, Serve
AU - Pardali, Evangelia
AU - Tchaikovski, Vadim
AU - ten Dijke, Peter
AU - Waltenberger, Johannes
PY - 2011/8/1
Y1 - 2011/8/1
N2 - Aims Monocytes contribute to arteriogenesis by infiltration to sites of collateral growth and subsequent production and release of growth factors. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) mediates monocyte motility and stimulates arteriogenesis. TGF-beta 1 signalling mechanisms mediating monocyte motility are unknown so far. Moreover, the influence of cardiovascular risk factor diabetes on TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte migration remains to be elucidated. Methods and results Stimulation of primary human monocytes with TGF-beta 1 endorsed phosphorylation of v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene analogues protein (AKT), p38, and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), besides the activation of the SMA/MAD homologues protein (SMAD) pathway. Inhibition of the TGF-btype 1 receptor, alias activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), hindered monocyte chemotaxis towards TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 1-activated downstream signalling cascades. Individual genetic knock-downs for receptor-regulated SMAD2 and SMAD3 did not affect monocyte migration to TGF-beta 1. Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) activity, but not AKT, diminished both basal and TGF-beta 1-mediated monocyte motility. TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte chemotaxis did not rely on ERK1/2, but rather on p38. Remarkably, TGF-beta 1 was able to stimulate chemotaxis of diabetic monocytes. Conclusion The current study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte migration, requiring ALK5 kinase activity and signalling via PI3K and p38. TGF-beta 1-driven monocyte motogenicity is fully functional in diabetic conditions, which is in sharp contrast to the impaired chemotactic responses to certain other arteriogenic cytokines. Therefore, TGF-beta 1 may be a promising candidate for endogenously and exogenously stimulating collateral growth in diabetic patients.
AB - Aims Monocytes contribute to arteriogenesis by infiltration to sites of collateral growth and subsequent production and release of growth factors. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) mediates monocyte motility and stimulates arteriogenesis. TGF-beta 1 signalling mechanisms mediating monocyte motility are unknown so far. Moreover, the influence of cardiovascular risk factor diabetes on TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte migration remains to be elucidated. Methods and results Stimulation of primary human monocytes with TGF-beta 1 endorsed phosphorylation of v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene analogues protein (AKT), p38, and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), besides the activation of the SMA/MAD homologues protein (SMAD) pathway. Inhibition of the TGF-btype 1 receptor, alias activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), hindered monocyte chemotaxis towards TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 1-activated downstream signalling cascades. Individual genetic knock-downs for receptor-regulated SMAD2 and SMAD3 did not affect monocyte migration to TGF-beta 1. Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) activity, but not AKT, diminished both basal and TGF-beta 1-mediated monocyte motility. TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte chemotaxis did not rely on ERK1/2, but rather on p38. Remarkably, TGF-beta 1 was able to stimulate chemotaxis of diabetic monocytes. Conclusion The current study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of TGF-beta 1-induced monocyte migration, requiring ALK5 kinase activity and signalling via PI3K and p38. TGF-beta 1-driven monocyte motogenicity is fully functional in diabetic conditions, which is in sharp contrast to the impaired chemotactic responses to certain other arteriogenic cytokines. Therefore, TGF-beta 1 may be a promising candidate for endogenously and exogenously stimulating collateral growth in diabetic patients.
KW - Monocytes
KW - Signal transduction
KW - Transforming growth factor beta 1
KW - Diabetes mellitus
KW - Collateral circulation
U2 - 10.1093/cvr/cvr100
DO - 10.1093/cvr/cvr100
M3 - Article
C2 - 21478266
SN - 0008-6363
VL - 91
SP - 510
EP - 518
JO - Cardiovascular Research
JF - Cardiovascular Research
IS - 3
ER -