Targeting microRNAs in heart failure

MicroRNAs play pivotal roles in cardiac disease, and their therapeutic modulation raises exciting and unique opportunities, as well as challenges in the path toward clinical development and implementation. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of recent studies highlighting the important role of microRNAs in heart failure (HF) and the potential use of microRNA-based technology for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of HF. We will focus on the strategies presently used for microRNA-based therapy by discussing their use and drawbacks, as well as the challenges and future directions for their development in the context of human HF.