TY - JOUR
T1 - Smoking regular and low-nicotine cigarettes results in comparable levels of volatile organic compounds in blood and exhaled breath
AU - Pauwels, Charlotte G. G. M.
AU - Hintzen, Kim F. H.
AU - Talhout, Reinskje
AU - Cremers, Hans W. J. M.
AU - Pennings, Jeroen L. A.
AU - Smolinska, Agnieszka
AU - Opperhuizen, Antoon
AU - Van Schooten, Frederik J.
AU - Boots, Agnes W.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Alex Mommers and Danielle Pachen for the help with the VOC measurements in exhaled air. Furthermore, we would like to thank Falco Westerbaan van der Meij and Ramon Ramlal for the assistance with the development of the headspace method. Lastly, we are grateful to Bo Van Engelen and Christy Tulen for their assistance with the human study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Smokers are exposed to more than 6000 (toxic) smoke components including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study VOCs levels in headspace of blood and exhaled breath, in the mainstream smoke of three types of cigarettes of one brand varying in declared tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide (TNCO) yields are investigated. The objective was to identify whether VOC levels correlate with TNCO yields of cigarettes smoked according to ISO 3308. Our data show that smoking regular and low-TNCO cigarettes result in comparable levels of VOCs in blood and exhaled breath. Hence, declared TNCO-yields as determined with the ISO 3308 machine smoking protocol are irrelevant for predicting VOC exposure upon human smoking.Venous blood and exhaled breath were sampled from 12 male volunteers directly before and 10 min after smoking cigarettes on 3 d (day 1 Marlboro Red (regular), day 2 Marlboro Prime (highly ventilated, low-TNCO), day 3 Marlboro Prime with blocked filter ventilation (taped)). Upon smoking, the levels of toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene, and 2,5-dimethylfuran in both headspace of venous blood and exhaled breath increase within the same range for all three cigarette types smoked. However, no strong correlation was found between VOC levels in exhaled breath and VOC levels in headspace of blood because of variations between the individual smoking volunteers. More research is required in order to use exhaled breath sampling as a non-invasive quantitative marker for volatile toxicants from cigarette smoke exposure of different brands.
AB - Smokers are exposed to more than 6000 (toxic) smoke components including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study VOCs levels in headspace of blood and exhaled breath, in the mainstream smoke of three types of cigarettes of one brand varying in declared tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide (TNCO) yields are investigated. The objective was to identify whether VOC levels correlate with TNCO yields of cigarettes smoked according to ISO 3308. Our data show that smoking regular and low-TNCO cigarettes result in comparable levels of VOCs in blood and exhaled breath. Hence, declared TNCO-yields as determined with the ISO 3308 machine smoking protocol are irrelevant for predicting VOC exposure upon human smoking.Venous blood and exhaled breath were sampled from 12 male volunteers directly before and 10 min after smoking cigarettes on 3 d (day 1 Marlboro Red (regular), day 2 Marlboro Prime (highly ventilated, low-TNCO), day 3 Marlboro Prime with blocked filter ventilation (taped)). Upon smoking, the levels of toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene, and 2,5-dimethylfuran in both headspace of venous blood and exhaled breath increase within the same range for all three cigarette types smoked. However, no strong correlation was found between VOC levels in exhaled breath and VOC levels in headspace of blood because of variations between the individual smoking volunteers. More research is required in order to use exhaled breath sampling as a non-invasive quantitative marker for volatile toxicants from cigarette smoke exposure of different brands.
KW - Volatile organic compounds
KW - cigarette smoking
KW - exhaled breath
KW - SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION
KW - CARBON-MONOXIDE
KW - EXPOSURE
KW - BIOMARKERS
KW - BENZENE
KW - SMOKERS
KW - CONSTITUENTS
KW - STYRENE
KW - TOLUENE
KW - YIELDS
U2 - 10.1088/1752-7163/abbf38
DO - 10.1088/1752-7163/abbf38
M3 - Article
C2 - 33027777
SN - 1752-7155
VL - 15
JO - Journal of Breath Research
JF - Journal of Breath Research
IS - 1
M1 - 016010
ER -