TY - JOUR
T1 - Smartphone-Based Experience Sampling in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment
T2 - Feasibility and Usability Study
AU - Bartels, Sara Laureen
AU - van Knippenberg, Rosalia J. M.
AU - Malinowsky, Camilla
AU - Verhey, Frans R. J.
AU - de Vugt, Marjolein E.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank all participants that took part in this study, as well as Roos Roberts, Astrid Quist, and Karel Borkelmans for their contribution to data collection. This research was carried out as part of the H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network (ITN) action, H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015, under grant agreement number 676265.
Funding Information:
The authors thank all participants that took part in this study, as well as Roos Roberts, Astrid Quist, and Karel Borkelmans for their contribution to data collection. This research was carried out as part of the H2020 Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network (ITN) action, H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015, under grant agreement number 676265.
Publisher Copyright:
© Sara Laureen Bartels, Rosalia J M van Knippenberg, Camilla Malinowsky, Frans R J Verhey, Marjolein E de Vugt. Originally published in JMIR Aging (http://aging.jmir.org), 16.10.2020. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
PY - 2020/7
Y1 - 2020/7
N2 - Background: Daily functioning of people with cognitive disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is usually depicted by retrospective questionnaires, which can be memory-biased and neglect fluctuations over time or contexts.Objective: This study examines the feasibility and usability of applying the experience sampling method (ESM) in people with MCI to provide a detailed and dynamic picture of behavioral, emotional, and cognitive patterns in everyday life.Methods: For 6 consecutive days, 21 people with MCI used an ESM app on their smartphones. At 8 semi-random timepoints per day, participants filled in momentary questionnaires on mood, activities, social context, and subjective cognitive complaints. Feasibility was determined through self-reports and observable human-technology interactions. Usability was demonstrated on an individual and group level.Results: Of the 21 participants, 3 dropped out due to forgetting to carry their smartphones or forgetting the study instructions. In the remaining 18 individuals, the compliance rate was high, at 78.7%. Participants reported that momentary questions reflected their daily experiences well. Of the 18 participants, 13 (72%) experienced the increase in awareness of their own memory functions as pleasant or neutral.Conclusions: Support was found for the general feasibility of smartphone-based experience sampling in people with MCI. However, many older adults with MCI are currently not in possession of smartphones, and study adherence seems challenging for a minority of individuals. Momentary data can increase the insights into daily patterns and may guide the person-tailored development of self-management strategies in clinical settings.
AB - Background: Daily functioning of people with cognitive disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is usually depicted by retrospective questionnaires, which can be memory-biased and neglect fluctuations over time or contexts.Objective: This study examines the feasibility and usability of applying the experience sampling method (ESM) in people with MCI to provide a detailed and dynamic picture of behavioral, emotional, and cognitive patterns in everyday life.Methods: For 6 consecutive days, 21 people with MCI used an ESM app on their smartphones. At 8 semi-random timepoints per day, participants filled in momentary questionnaires on mood, activities, social context, and subjective cognitive complaints. Feasibility was determined through self-reports and observable human-technology interactions. Usability was demonstrated on an individual and group level.Results: Of the 21 participants, 3 dropped out due to forgetting to carry their smartphones or forgetting the study instructions. In the remaining 18 individuals, the compliance rate was high, at 78.7%. Participants reported that momentary questions reflected their daily experiences well. Of the 18 participants, 13 (72%) experienced the increase in awareness of their own memory functions as pleasant or neutral.Conclusions: Support was found for the general feasibility of smartphone-based experience sampling in people with MCI. However, many older adults with MCI are currently not in possession of smartphones, and study adherence seems challenging for a minority of individuals. Momentary data can increase the insights into daily patterns and may guide the person-tailored development of self-management strategies in clinical settings.
KW - experience sampling method
KW - mild cognitive impairment
KW - cognition
KW - feasibility
KW - smartphones
KW - ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT
KW - OLDER-ADULTS
KW - HOSPITAL ANXIETY
KW - DEMENTIA
KW - DEPRESSION
KW - HEALTH
KW - INTERVENTIONS
KW - VALIDITY
KW - BEHAVIOR
KW - CONTEXT
U2 - 10.2196/19852
DO - 10.2196/19852
M3 - Article
C2 - 33064084
SN - 1439-4456
VL - 3
JO - Journal of Medical Internet Research
JF - Journal of Medical Internet Research
IS - 10
M1 - 19852
ER -