TY - JOUR
T1 - Small Things Matter
T2 - Relevance of MicroRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease
AU - Peters, Linsey J. F.
AU - Biessen, Erik A. L.
AU - Hohl, Mathias
AU - Weber, Christian
AU - van der Vorst, Emiel P. C.
AU - Santovito, Donato
N1 - Funding Information:
All illustrations are made with the help of SMART Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com/). CW is a Van de Laar professor of atherosclerosis. Funding. The authors’ research is supported by a grant from the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research within the faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University, the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) and the BMBF (German Ministry of Education and Research), and NWO-ZonMw Veni (91619053) to EV; by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (TRR267-A2 and SFB1123 TP A1) and by the European Research Council (AdG°692511) to CW; and by the DFG (SFB TRR219-M02) to MH.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2020 Peters, Biessen, Hohl, Weber, van der Vorst and Santovito.
PY - 2020/7/7
Y1 - 2020/7/7
N2 - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of non-coding RNA that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and thereby in many physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, miRNAs are released in the extracellular space, for example in vesicles, and are detectable in various biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Over the last years, it has been shown that miRNAs are crucial in the development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review discusses the (patho)physiological implications of miRNAs in CVD, ranging from cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia), to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, the intriguing possibility of their use as disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human CVDs will be discussed in detail. Finally, as several approaches have been developed to alter miRNA expression and function (i.e., mimics, antagomirs, and target-site blockers), we will highlight the miRNAs with the most promising therapeutic potential that may represent suitable candidates for therapeutic intervention in future translational studies and ultimately in clinical trials. All in all, this review gives a comprehensive overview of the most relevant miRNAs in CVD and discusses their potential use as biomarkers and even therapeutic targets.
AB - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of non-coding RNA that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and thereby in many physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, miRNAs are released in the extracellular space, for example in vesicles, and are detectable in various biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Over the last years, it has been shown that miRNAs are crucial in the development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review discusses the (patho)physiological implications of miRNAs in CVD, ranging from cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia), to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, the intriguing possibility of their use as disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human CVDs will be discussed in detail. Finally, as several approaches have been developed to alter miRNA expression and function (i.e., mimics, antagomirs, and target-site blockers), we will highlight the miRNAs with the most promising therapeutic potential that may represent suitable candidates for therapeutic intervention in future translational studies and ultimately in clinical trials. All in all, this review gives a comprehensive overview of the most relevant miRNAs in CVD and discusses their potential use as biomarkers and even therapeutic targets.
KW - microRNAs
KW - cardiovascular diseases
KW - cardiovascular risk factors
KW - atherosclerosis
KW - myocardial infarction
KW - cardiac remodeling
KW - therapy
KW - biomarker
KW - SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS
KW - CIRCULATING MICRORNAS
KW - MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
KW - CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY
KW - ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS
KW - ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY
KW - PROMOTES ATHEROSCLEROSIS
KW - LIMITS ATHEROSCLEROSIS
KW - ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION
KW - INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
U2 - 10.3389/fphys.2020.00793
DO - 10.3389/fphys.2020.00793
M3 - (Systematic) Review article
C2 - 32733281
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 11
JO - Frontiers in physiology
JF - Frontiers in physiology
M1 - 793
ER -