Self-management interventions for chronically ill patients with limited health literacy: A descriptive analysis

Objectives To support patients with limited health literacy with the challenges they face in the day-to-day management of their disease(s), numerous self-management interventions (SMIs) have been developed. To date, it is unclear to what extent SMIs have been developed for chronically ill patients with limited health literacy. This study aims to provide a description of these SMIs and to provide insight in their methodological components. Methods A secondary analysis of the COMPAR-EU database, consisting of SMIs addressing patients with diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity and heart failure, was conducted. The database was searched for SMIs addressing health literacy, including cognitive aspects and the capacity to act. Results Of the 1681 SMIs in the COMPAR-EU database, 35 studies addressed health literacy, describing 39 SMIs. The overview yields a high variety in interventions given, with overlapping information, but also lacking of specific details. Discussion This descriptive analysis shows that there was a large variety in the extensiveness of the description of intervention characteristics and their justification or explanation. A focus on the broad concept of health literacy, including functional skills, cognitive skills and the capacity to act could improve the effectiveness. This should be taken into account in the future development of SMIs.