Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D Status in Elite Athletes: A Longitudinal Study

Evelien Backx; Cindy van der Avoort; Michael Tieland; Kamiel Maase; Arie Kies; Luc van Loon; Lisette de Groot; Marco Mensink

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0177

Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D Status in Elite Athletes: A Longitudinal Study

Evelien Backx, Cindy van der Avoort, Michael Tieland, Kamiel Maase, Arie Kies, Luc van Loon, Lisette de Groot, Marco Mensink^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

NUTRIM - Respiratory & Age-related Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Studies monitoring vitamin D status in athletes are seldom conducted for a period of 12 months or longer, thereby lacking insight into seasonal fluctuations. The objective of the current study was to identify seasonal changes in total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration throughout the year. Fifty-two, mainly Caucasian athletes with a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration (>75 nmol/L) in June were included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured every three months (June, September, December, March, June). In addition, vitamin D intake and sun exposure were assessed by questionnaires at the same time points. Highest total 25(OH)D concentrations were found at the end of summer (113 +/- 26 nmol/L), whereas lowest concentrations were observed at the end of winter (78 +/- 30 nmol/L). Although all athletes had a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration at the start of the study, nearly 20% of the athletes were deficient (

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6-10
Number of pages	5
Journal	International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Volume	27
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0177
Publication status	Published - Feb 2017

Keywords

25(OH)D
sports nutrition
D SUPPLEMENTATION
MUSCLE FUNCTION
DOSE-RESPONSE
D DEFICIENCY
ADULTS
PERFORMANCE
INSULIN
OZONE
SKIN

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10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0177

Cite this

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title = "Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D Status in Elite Athletes: A Longitudinal Study",

abstract = "Studies monitoring vitamin D status in athletes are seldom conducted for a period of 12 months or longer, thereby lacking insight into seasonal fluctuations. The objective of the current study was to identify seasonal changes in total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration throughout the year. Fifty-two, mainly Caucasian athletes with a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration (>75 nmol/L) in June were included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured every three months (June, September, December, March, June). In addition, vitamin D intake and sun exposure were assessed by questionnaires at the same time points. Highest total 25(OH)D concentrations were found at the end of summer (113 +/- 26 nmol/L), whereas lowest concentrations were observed at the end of winter (78 +/- 30 nmol/L). Although all athletes had a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration at the start of the study, nearly 20% of the athletes were deficient (",

keywords = "25(OH)D, sports nutrition, D SUPPLEMENTATION, MUSCLE FUNCTION, DOSE-RESPONSE, D DEFICIENCY, ADULTS, PERFORMANCE, INSULIN, OZONE, SKIN",

author = "Evelien Backx and {van der Avoort}, Cindy and Michael Tieland and Kamiel Maase and Arie Kies and {van Loon}, Luc and {de Groot}, Lisette and Marco Mensink",

year = "2017",

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T2 - A Longitudinal Study

AU - Backx, Evelien

AU - van der Avoort, Cindy

AU - Tieland, Michael

AU - Maase, Kamiel

AU - Kies, Arie

AU - van Loon, Luc

AU - de Groot, Lisette

AU - Mensink, Marco

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N2 - Studies monitoring vitamin D status in athletes are seldom conducted for a period of 12 months or longer, thereby lacking insight into seasonal fluctuations. The objective of the current study was to identify seasonal changes in total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration throughout the year. Fifty-two, mainly Caucasian athletes with a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration (>75 nmol/L) in June were included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured every three months (June, September, December, March, June). In addition, vitamin D intake and sun exposure were assessed by questionnaires at the same time points. Highest total 25(OH)D concentrations were found at the end of summer (113 +/- 26 nmol/L), whereas lowest concentrations were observed at the end of winter (78 +/- 30 nmol/L). Although all athletes had a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration at the start of the study, nearly 20% of the athletes were deficient (

AB - Studies monitoring vitamin D status in athletes are seldom conducted for a period of 12 months or longer, thereby lacking insight into seasonal fluctuations. The objective of the current study was to identify seasonal changes in total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration throughout the year. Fifty-two, mainly Caucasian athletes with a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration (>75 nmol/L) in June were included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured every three months (June, September, December, March, June). In addition, vitamin D intake and sun exposure were assessed by questionnaires at the same time points. Highest total 25(OH)D concentrations were found at the end of summer (113 +/- 26 nmol/L), whereas lowest concentrations were observed at the end of winter (78 +/- 30 nmol/L). Although all athletes had a sufficient 25(OH)D concentration at the start of the study, nearly 20% of the athletes were deficient (

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KW - D SUPPLEMENTATION

KW - MUSCLE FUNCTION

KW - DOSE-RESPONSE

KW - D DEFICIENCY

KW - ADULTS

KW - PERFORMANCE

KW - INSULIN

KW - OZONE

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