TY - JOUR
T1 - Relevance of risk-benefit considerations for assessment of defectiveness
T2 - A Comparative Study of Thirteen European Legal Systems
AU - Borghetti, J.-S.
AU - Santos Silva, Marta
AU - Fairgrieve, Duncan
AU - del Olmo Garcia, Pedro
AU - Keirse, A.L.M.
AU - Machnikowski, Piotr
AU - Rajneri, Eleonora
AU - Schmon, Christoph
AU - Ulfbeck, V.
AU - Vallone, Vera
AU - Zech, Herbert
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Under Council Directive 85/374/EEC, liability crucially depends upon the proof of a product’s defectiveness. This central notion of the Directive has however long been the source of debate about the extent to which it is grounded in a solely safety-based approach, or whether a risk-benefit approach may be admitted. The defectiveness concept is now subject to a growing body of case law. This article examines how the courts in a selection of Member States approach the notion of defect and take account of risk-benefit considerations in determining whether a product is defective. It aims, first, at lowering the level of complexity which was added to the definition of “defect” in the Directive by the discretion given to national courts on the applicable standard of liability. Second, it means to show the real level and scope of harmonization of the product liability law in the EU by revealing differences that remain to exist in the interpretation of seemingly harmonized laws. Third, it aims to contribute to the clarification of whether the risk-benefit test is compliant with the spirit of the directive, and thereby informing policy makers at a time where the guidelines of interpretation of the directive are being prepared.
AB - Under Council Directive 85/374/EEC, liability crucially depends upon the proof of a product’s defectiveness. This central notion of the Directive has however long been the source of debate about the extent to which it is grounded in a solely safety-based approach, or whether a risk-benefit approach may be admitted. The defectiveness concept is now subject to a growing body of case law. This article examines how the courts in a selection of Member States approach the notion of defect and take account of risk-benefit considerations in determining whether a product is defective. It aims, first, at lowering the level of complexity which was added to the definition of “defect” in the Directive by the discretion given to national courts on the applicable standard of liability. Second, it means to show the real level and scope of harmonization of the product liability law in the EU by revealing differences that remain to exist in the interpretation of seemingly harmonized laws. Third, it aims to contribute to the clarification of whether the risk-benefit test is compliant with the spirit of the directive, and thereby informing policy makers at a time where the guidelines of interpretation of the directive are being prepared.
M3 - Article
SN - 0928-9801
VL - 29
SP - 91
EP - 132
JO - European Review of Private Law
JF - European Review of Private Law
IS - 1
ER -