TY - JOUR
T1 - Reducing the number and types of tobacco retail outlets in the Netherlands: Study protocol for a comprehensive mixed-methods policy evaluation
AU - Nagelhout, G.E.
AU - Poole, N.L.
AU - Metze, M.
AU - Willemsen, M.C.
AU - Vermeulen, W.
AU - van den Brand, F.A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Dutch Cancer Society (Proposal number: 14028). The funder had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.
Funding Information:
The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none was reported. All authors report support from the Dutch Cancer Society (proposal number #14028) and that they had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. M. Metze also reports receiving grants from Dutch Cancer Society and Lung Fund (Longfonds) (the Netherlands). The Dutch Cancer Society supported The Investigative Desk’s investigations into the tobacco industry and tobacco control policies in 2020-2022. The Dutch Cancer Society had no role in the selection of the specific topics that were investigated, in the investigations themselves and in the publications that were based on those investigations. Lung Fund (Longfonds) (the Netherlands) supported a research project of The Investigative Desk and IVO Research into lobbying by the tobacco industry. It had no role in the selection of the specific topics that were investigated, in the investigations themselves and in the publications that were based on those investigations.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Nagelhout G. E. et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
PY - 2023/3/1
Y1 - 2023/3/1
N2 - The Netherlands plans to ban tobacco sales in supermarkets in 2024. In a comprehensive policy evaluation, we aim to examine: 1) the impact of the policy on the number and types of tobacco outlets, 2) the impact on attitudes and behaviors of smoking adults and non-smoking youth, and 3) the influence of the tobacco industry on the policy process and the retail environment. In addition, our study focusses on differential effects in disadvantaged neighborhoods, where both smoking rates and tobacco outlet density are typically highest. This study brings together economic, psychological, and journalistic research methods. We investigate the impact of the new legislation on the number and type of tobacco outlets, and on the number of smokers by using routinely collected population monitoring data. We examine the impact of the legislation on smoking susceptibility of non-smoking youth and on impulse tobacco purchases by smoking adults with yearly quantitative surveys and with qualitative interviews and discussion sessions. We describe whether these impacts differ for disadvantaged versus non-disadvantaged neighborhoods. We investigate what strategies the tobacco industry uses to influence the new legislation, policy processes, and the tobacco retail environment by performing a journalistic investigation, by means of documents obtained by Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, (possibly) leaked documents from insider meetings, and interviews with insiders. The methods of our evaluation can be used as a model for other comprehensive public policy evaluations. REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials ID NCT05554120, Protocol ID KWF140282021-2. ABBREVIATIONS FOIA: Freedom of Information Act. SES-WOA: socioeconomic scores of private households. MCID: minimal clinically important difference.
AB - The Netherlands plans to ban tobacco sales in supermarkets in 2024. In a comprehensive policy evaluation, we aim to examine: 1) the impact of the policy on the number and types of tobacco outlets, 2) the impact on attitudes and behaviors of smoking adults and non-smoking youth, and 3) the influence of the tobacco industry on the policy process and the retail environment. In addition, our study focusses on differential effects in disadvantaged neighborhoods, where both smoking rates and tobacco outlet density are typically highest. This study brings together economic, psychological, and journalistic research methods. We investigate the impact of the new legislation on the number and type of tobacco outlets, and on the number of smokers by using routinely collected population monitoring data. We examine the impact of the legislation on smoking susceptibility of non-smoking youth and on impulse tobacco purchases by smoking adults with yearly quantitative surveys and with qualitative interviews and discussion sessions. We describe whether these impacts differ for disadvantaged versus non-disadvantaged neighborhoods. We investigate what strategies the tobacco industry uses to influence the new legislation, policy processes, and the tobacco retail environment by performing a journalistic investigation, by means of documents obtained by Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, (possibly) leaked documents from insider meetings, and interviews with insiders. The methods of our evaluation can be used as a model for other comprehensive public policy evaluations. REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials ID NCT05554120, Protocol ID KWF140282021-2. ABBREVIATIONS FOIA: Freedom of Information Act. SES-WOA: socioeconomic scores of private households. MCID: minimal clinically important difference.
KW - tobacco policy evaluation
KW - sales ban social class deprived
KW - neighborhoods supermarkets
KW - IMPACT
U2 - 10.18332/tpc/161825
DO - 10.18332/tpc/161825
M3 - Article
C2 - 37009236
SN - 2459-3087
VL - 9
JO - Tobacco prevention & cessation
JF - Tobacco prevention & cessation
IS - 1
M1 - 8
ER -