Psychometric Evaluation of 2 New Upper Extremity Functional Strength Tests in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Koen J. F. M. Dekkers; Rob J. E. M. Smeets; Yvonne J. M. Janssen-Potten; Andrew M. Gordon; Lucianne A. W. M. Speth; Eugene A. A. Rameckers

doi:10.1093/ptj/pzz019

Psychometric Evaluation of 2 New Upper Extremity Functional Strength Tests in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Koen J. F. M. Dekkers^*, Rob J. E. M. Smeets, Yvonne J. M. Janssen-Potten, Andrew M. Gordon, Lucianne A. W. M. Speth, Eugene A. A. Rameckers

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Background For children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP), reduced muscle strength can lead to activity limitations. However, none of the existing measures of upper extremity strength measure strength in the context of functional activities in which strength must be maintained for several seconds.

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of 2 newly developed functional hand and upper extremity muscle-strength tests (Cup-Task and Box-Task) in children aged 7 to 12 years with USCP.

Design A longitudinal study design was used.

Methods A standardized protocol with detailed descriptions of all procedures and measurements was used to determine test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and criterion validity.

Results A total of 86 children (53 males, 33 females, mean age=9.3 years) with USCP participated in this study, with a subset performing each measurement. Only the results of children who were able to perform the measurement were included for analysis. Excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.887-0.944; 95% confidence intervals = 0.713-0.969) and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.896-0.960; 95% confidence intervals = 0.813-0.980) were observed. The Cup-Task Affected-Hand and Box-Task were moderately correlated with maximum isometric grip strength. The Cup-Task Nonaffected-Hand had a low correlation with maximum isometric grip strength.

Limitations Age, sex, and manual ability were not normally distributed, which could have influenced the results.

Conclusions For children with USCP who can perform the tasks, the Cup-Task and Box-Task are reliable and valid instruments for measuring functional upper extremity muscle strength.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1107-1115
Number of pages	9
Journal	Physical Therapy
Volume	99
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzz019
Publication status	Published - Aug 2019

Keywords

METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY
MANUAL ABILITY
SYSTEM
RELIABILITY
VALIDATION

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@article{0392b80cc187444098eda13d861c996c,

title = "Psychometric Evaluation of 2 New Upper Extremity Functional Strength Tests in Children With Cerebral Palsy",

abstract = "Background For children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP), reduced muscle strength can lead to activity limitations. However, none of the existing measures of upper extremity strength measure strength in the context of functional activities in which strength must be maintained for several seconds.Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of 2 newly developed functional hand and upper extremity muscle-strength tests (Cup-Task and Box-Task) in children aged 7 to 12 years with USCP.Design A longitudinal study design was used.Methods A standardized protocol with detailed descriptions of all procedures and measurements was used to determine test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and criterion validity.Results A total of 86 children (53 males, 33 females, mean age=9.3 years) with USCP participated in this study, with a subset performing each measurement. Only the results of children who were able to perform the measurement were included for analysis. Excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.887-0.944; 95% confidence intervals = 0.713-0.969) and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.896-0.960; 95% confidence intervals = 0.813-0.980) were observed. The Cup-Task Affected-Hand and Box-Task were moderately correlated with maximum isometric grip strength. The Cup-Task Nonaffected-Hand had a low correlation with maximum isometric grip strength.Limitations Age, sex, and manual ability were not normally distributed, which could have influenced the results.Conclusions For children with USCP who can perform the tasks, the Cup-Task and Box-Task are reliable and valid instruments for measuring functional upper extremity muscle strength.",

keywords = "METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY, MANUAL ABILITY, SYSTEM, RELIABILITY, VALIDATION",

author = "Dekkers, {Koen J. F. M.} and Smeets, {Rob J. E. M.} and Janssen-Potten, {Yvonne J. M.} and Gordon, {Andrew M.} and Speth, {Lucianne A. W. M.} and Rameckers, {Eugene A. A.}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by the Forward for Children With Disabilities Foundation, Valkenburg, the Netherlands; the Revant Innovation Foundation, Breda, the Netherlands; and the Johanna Children{\textquoteright}s Foundation, Arnhem, the Netherlands. The funders had no role in the design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or reporting of this work, or the decision to submit the work for publication. Funding Information: This study was funded by the Forward for Children With Disabilities Foundation, Valkenburg, the Netherlands; the Revant Innovation Foundation, Breda, the Netherlands; and the Johanna Children{\textquoteright}s Foundation, Arnhem, the Netherlands. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 American Physical Therapy Association.",

year = "2019",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1093/ptj/pzz019",

language = "English",

volume = "99",

pages = "1107--1115",

journal = "Physical Therapy",

issn = "0031-9023",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "8",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Psychometric Evaluation of 2 New Upper Extremity Functional Strength Tests in Children With Cerebral Palsy

AU - Dekkers, Koen J. F. M.

AU - Smeets, Rob J. E. M.

AU - Janssen-Potten, Yvonne J. M.

AU - Gordon, Andrew M.

AU - Speth, Lucianne A. W. M.

AU - Rameckers, Eugene A. A.

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded by the Forward for Children With Disabilities Foundation, Valkenburg, the Netherlands; the Revant Innovation Foundation, Breda, the Netherlands; and the Johanna Children’s Foundation, Arnhem, the Netherlands. The funders had no role in the design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or reporting of this work, or the decision to submit the work for publication. Funding Information: This study was funded by the Forward for Children With Disabilities Foundation, Valkenburg, the Netherlands; the Revant Innovation Foundation, Breda, the Netherlands; and the Johanna Children’s Foundation, Arnhem, the Netherlands. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 American Physical Therapy Association.

PY - 2019/8

Y1 - 2019/8

N2 - Background For children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP), reduced muscle strength can lead to activity limitations. However, none of the existing measures of upper extremity strength measure strength in the context of functional activities in which strength must be maintained for several seconds.Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of 2 newly developed functional hand and upper extremity muscle-strength tests (Cup-Task and Box-Task) in children aged 7 to 12 years with USCP.Design A longitudinal study design was used.Methods A standardized protocol with detailed descriptions of all procedures and measurements was used to determine test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and criterion validity.Results A total of 86 children (53 males, 33 females, mean age=9.3 years) with USCP participated in this study, with a subset performing each measurement. Only the results of children who were able to perform the measurement were included for analysis. Excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.887-0.944; 95% confidence intervals = 0.713-0.969) and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.896-0.960; 95% confidence intervals = 0.813-0.980) were observed. The Cup-Task Affected-Hand and Box-Task were moderately correlated with maximum isometric grip strength. The Cup-Task Nonaffected-Hand had a low correlation with maximum isometric grip strength.Limitations Age, sex, and manual ability were not normally distributed, which could have influenced the results.Conclusions For children with USCP who can perform the tasks, the Cup-Task and Box-Task are reliable and valid instruments for measuring functional upper extremity muscle strength.

AB - Background For children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP), reduced muscle strength can lead to activity limitations. However, none of the existing measures of upper extremity strength measure strength in the context of functional activities in which strength must be maintained for several seconds.Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of 2 newly developed functional hand and upper extremity muscle-strength tests (Cup-Task and Box-Task) in children aged 7 to 12 years with USCP.Design A longitudinal study design was used.Methods A standardized protocol with detailed descriptions of all procedures and measurements was used to determine test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and criterion validity.Results A total of 86 children (53 males, 33 females, mean age=9.3 years) with USCP participated in this study, with a subset performing each measurement. Only the results of children who were able to perform the measurement were included for analysis. Excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.887-0.944; 95% confidence intervals = 0.713-0.969) and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.896-0.960; 95% confidence intervals = 0.813-0.980) were observed. The Cup-Task Affected-Hand and Box-Task were moderately correlated with maximum isometric grip strength. The Cup-Task Nonaffected-Hand had a low correlation with maximum isometric grip strength.Limitations Age, sex, and manual ability were not normally distributed, which could have influenced the results.Conclusions For children with USCP who can perform the tasks, the Cup-Task and Box-Task are reliable and valid instruments for measuring functional upper extremity muscle strength.

KW - METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY

KW - MANUAL ABILITY

KW - SYSTEM

KW - RELIABILITY

KW - VALIDATION

U2 - 10.1093/ptj/pzz019

DO - 10.1093/ptj/pzz019

M3 - Article

C2 - 30722023

SN - 0031-9023

VL - 99

SP - 1107

EP - 1115

JO - Physical Therapy

JF - Physical Therapy

IS - 8

ER -

Psychometric Evaluation of 2 New Upper Extremity Functional Strength Tests in Children With Cerebral Palsy

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Keywords

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