@article{42c70635f3704a41b66d04f3d54ffa65,
title = "Progression of liver fibrosis following acute hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-positive MSM",
abstract = "Background: Whether continued, accelerated liver fibrosis progression occurs following acute hepatitis C virus infection (AHCVI) in HIV-positive MSM is unknown.Design and methods: HIV-positive MSM from the AIDS Therapy Evaluation in the Netherlands and MSM Observational Study for Acute Infection with Hepatitis C-cohorts with primary AHCVI and at least one fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) measurement less than 2 years before and 1 year after estimated AHCVI were included. Mixed-effect linear models were used to evaluate (time-updated) determinants of FIB-4 levels over time. Determinants of transitioning to and from FIB-4 1.45 were examined using multistate Markov models.Results: Of 313 MSM, median FIB-4 measurements per individual was 12 (interquartile range = 8-18) and median follow-up following AHCVI was 3.5 years (interquartile range = 1.9-5.6). FIB-4 measurements averaged at 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95-1.05] before AHCVI, 1.31 (95% CI = 1.25-1.38) during the first year of AHCVI and 1.10 (95% CI = 1.05-1.15) more than 1 year after AHCVI. Mean FIB-4 more than 1 year after AHCVI was higher for chronically infected patients compared with those successfully treated (P = 0.007). Overall FIB-4 scores were significantly higher with older age, lower CD4(+) cell count, longer duration from HIV-diagnosis or AHCVI, and nonresponse to HCV-treatment. At the end of follow-up, 60 (19.2%) and eight MSM (2.6%) had FIB-4 between 1.45-3.25 and >= 3.25, respectively. Older age, lower CD4(+) cell count and detectable HIV-RNA were significantly associated with higher rates of progression to FIB-4 > 1.45, whereas older age, longer duration from HIV-diagnosis and nonresponse to HCV-treatment were significantly associated with lower rates of regression to FIB-4Conclusion: In this population of HIV-positive MSM, FIB-4 scores were higher during the first year of AHCVI, but FIB-4 >= 3.25 was uncommon by the end of follow-up. Well controlled HIV-infection appears to attenuate FIB-4 progression. Copyright (C) 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.",
keywords = "acute hepatitis C virus infection, fibrosis-4, HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection, liver fibrosis, MSM, ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA, NONINVASIVE INDEX, MEN, RISK, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, SEX, DISEASE, STAGE, INDIVIDUALS",
author = "Newsum, {Astrid M.} and Kooij, {Katherine W.} and Anders Boyd and Colette Smit and Wit, {Ferdinand W. N. M.} and {van der Meer}, {Jan T. M.} and Maria Prins and Peter Reiss and {van der Valk}, Marc and {van Eden}, H. and R. Molenkamp and F. Pijnappel and Reesink, {H. W.} and J. Schinkel and Steba, {G. S.} and {van den Berk}, {G. E. L.} and K. Brinkman and Hooijenga and D. Kwa and {van der Meche}, N. and A. Toonen and {van Kessel}, A. and {van Duinen}, M. and Cornelissen, {M. T. E.} and Peters, {E. J. G.} and A. Verbon and {van Beek}, {J. E. A.} and {de Groot}, J. and {de Boer}, {M. G. J.} and J. Smit and E. Smit and Lowe, {S. H.} and Lashof, {A. M. L. Oude} and D. Posthouwer and Ackens, {R. P.} and K. Burgers and J. Schippers and {van Loo}, {I. H. M.} and Havenith, {T. R. A.} and Smits, {P. H. M.} and S. Weijer and Brouwer, {C. J.} and M. Knapen and {de Haan}, M. and R. Jansen and M. Bakker and {de Jong}, A. and {van den Akker}, M. and {van der Meer}, R. and M. Schutten and {MOSAIC Study Group} and {ATHENA Observational HIV Cohort}",
note = "Funding Information: K.W.K. has received travel grants from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare, and was a speaker at an event sponsored by Gilead Sciences and served on a scientific advisory board for Gilead Sciences for which her institution received remuneration. F.W.N.M.W. has received consultancy fees from Gilead and ViiV outside the submitted work. M.P.'s institution has received speakers fees and independent scientific support from Gilead Sciences, Roche, MSD and Abbvie, outside the submitted work. P.R. through his institution has received independent scientific grant support from Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc, Merck & Co and ViiV Healthcare; he has served on scientific advisory boards for Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, Merck & Co, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, and on a data safety monitoring committee for Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc; for which his institution has received remuneration; all outside the submitted work. M.v.d.V.'s institution has received speakers fees from Abbvie, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead, Johnson & Johnson, MSD and ViiV outside the submitted work and research grant from Abbvie, Gilead, Johnson&Johnson and Merck Sharp Dome. For the remaining authors none were declared. Funding Information: A.M.N. was financially supported by the {\textquoteleft}Aidsfonds{\textquoteright} Netherlands (grant 2013.037). The ATHENA database is maintained by the Stichting HIV Monitoring and supported by a grant from the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport through the Centre for Infectious Disease Control of the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.",
year = "2019",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1097/QAD.0000000000002138",
language = "English",
volume = "33",
pages = "833--844",
journal = "Aids",
issn = "0269-9370",
publisher = "LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS",
number = "5",
}