Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis

Sofia Pazmino; Stefanie Schmid; Jordi Blanch; Daniel Coral; Nele Steenackers; Nicole Forestier; Laura Gallardo-Nuell; Naichuan Zhang; Birgit Reinhart-Steininger; Yenny Leal; Amar van Laar; Rafael Ramos; Shreekar Bharadwaj Araveti; Ditte F. Heidemann; Kinga Nowak; Jonathan Rosen; Carmen Hurtado del Pozo; Christian-Dominik Moller; Chantal Mathieu; Carel W. le Roux; Paul W. Franks; Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real; Stefanie Lanzinger; Bart van der Schueren

doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z

Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis

Sofia Pazmino^*
, Stefanie Schmid
, Jordi Blanch
, Daniel Coral
, Nele Steenackers
, Nicole Forestier
, Laura Gallardo-Nuell
, Naichuan Zhang
, Birgit Reinhart-Steininger
, Yenny Leal
, Amar van Laar
, Rafael Ramos
, Shreekar Bharadwaj Araveti
, Ditte F. Heidemann
, Kinga Nowak
, Jonathan Rosen
, Carmen Hurtado del Pozo
, Christian-Dominik Moller
, Chantal Mathieu
, Carel W. le Roux

Paul W. Franks, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Stefanie Lanzinger, Bart van der Schueren^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major long-term complication and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), with a substantially higher prevalence compared to the general population and driven by multiple interrelated risk factors-underscoring the urgent need for accurate risk assessment. To support more tailored approaches to CVD prevention, recently, five discordant phenotypic risk profiles for CVD were identified in the general population in Europe with diverse relationship between body mass index and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Here, we show their applicability in 44,212 people with T1D. Improved glycemic control was linked to a decrease in CVD risk as people with T1D with lower glycated hemoglobin belonged to the baseline concordant cluster. This supports the contention that glycemic control in people with T1D is an integral part of lowering CVD risk.

Original language	English
Article number	5239
Number of pages	7
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	17
Issue number	1
Early online date	1 Apr 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z
Publication status	Published - 16 Apr 2026

Keywords

DISEASE
PATTERNS

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10.1038/s41467-026-72029-zLicence: CC BY

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Pazmino, S., Schmid, S., Blanch, J., Coral, D., Steenackers, N., Forestier, N., Gallardo-Nuell, L., Zhang, N., Reinhart-Steininger, B., Leal, Y., van Laar, A., Ramos, R., Bharadwaj Araveti, S., Heidemann, D. F., Nowak, K., Rosen, J., Hurtado del Pozo, C., Moller, C.-D., Mathieu, C., ... van der Schueren, B. (2026). Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis. Nature Communications, 17(1), Article 5239. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z

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title = "Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis",

abstract = "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major long-term complication and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), with a substantially higher prevalence compared to the general population and driven by multiple interrelated risk factors-underscoring the urgent need for accurate risk assessment. To support more tailored approaches to CVD prevention, recently, five discordant phenotypic risk profiles for CVD were identified in the general population in Europe with diverse relationship between body mass index and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Here, we show their applicability in 44,212 people with T1D. Improved glycemic control was linked to a decrease in CVD risk as people with T1D with lower glycated hemoglobin belonged to the baseline concordant cluster. This supports the contention that glycemic control in people with T1D is an integral part of lowering CVD risk.",

keywords = "DISEASE, PATTERNS",

author = "Sofia Pazmino and Stefanie Schmid and Jordi Blanch and Daniel Coral and Nele Steenackers and Nicole Forestier and Laura Gallardo-Nuell and Naichuan Zhang and Birgit Reinhart-Steininger and Yenny Leal and \{van Laar\}, Amar and Rafael Ramos and \{Bharadwaj Araveti\}, Shreekar and Heidemann, \{Ditte F.\} and Kinga Nowak and Jonathan Rosen and \{Hurtado del Pozo\}, Carmen and Christian-Dominik Moller and Chantal Mathieu and \{le Roux\}, \{Carel W.\} and Franks, \{Paul W.\} and Fernandez-Real, \{Jose Manuel\} and Stefanie Lanzinger and \{van der Schueren\}, Bart",

year = "2026",

month = apr,

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doi = "10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z",

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Pazmino, S, Schmid, S, Blanch, J, Coral, D, Steenackers, N, Forestier, N, Gallardo-Nuell, L, Zhang, N, Reinhart-Steininger, B, Leal, Y, van Laar, A, Ramos, R, Bharadwaj Araveti, S, Heidemann, DF, Nowak, K, Rosen, J, Hurtado del Pozo, C, Moller, C-D, Mathieu, C, le Roux, CW, Franks, PW, Fernandez-Real, JM, Lanzinger, S & van der Schueren, B 2026, 'Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis', Nature Communications, vol. 17, no. 1, 5239. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z

TY - JOUR

T1 - Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes

T2 - An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis

AU - Pazmino, Sofia

AU - Schmid, Stefanie

AU - Blanch, Jordi

AU - Coral, Daniel

AU - Steenackers, Nele

AU - Forestier, Nicole

AU - Gallardo-Nuell, Laura

AU - Zhang, Naichuan

AU - Reinhart-Steininger, Birgit

AU - Leal, Yenny

AU - van Laar, Amar

AU - Ramos, Rafael

AU - Bharadwaj Araveti, Shreekar

AU - Heidemann, Ditte F.

AU - Nowak, Kinga

AU - Rosen, Jonathan

AU - Hurtado del Pozo, Carmen

AU - Moller, Christian-Dominik

AU - Mathieu, Chantal

AU - le Roux, Carel W.

AU - Franks, Paul W.

AU - Fernandez-Real, Jose Manuel

AU - Lanzinger, Stefanie

AU - van der Schueren, Bart

PY - 2026/4/16

Y1 - 2026/4/16

N2 - Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major long-term complication and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), with a substantially higher prevalence compared to the general population and driven by multiple interrelated risk factors-underscoring the urgent need for accurate risk assessment. To support more tailored approaches to CVD prevention, recently, five discordant phenotypic risk profiles for CVD were identified in the general population in Europe with diverse relationship between body mass index and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Here, we show their applicability in 44,212 people with T1D. Improved glycemic control was linked to a decrease in CVD risk as people with T1D with lower glycated hemoglobin belonged to the baseline concordant cluster. This supports the contention that glycemic control in people with T1D is an integral part of lowering CVD risk.

AB - Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major long-term complication and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), with a substantially higher prevalence compared to the general population and driven by multiple interrelated risk factors-underscoring the urgent need for accurate risk assessment. To support more tailored approaches to CVD prevention, recently, five discordant phenotypic risk profiles for CVD were identified in the general population in Europe with diverse relationship between body mass index and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Here, we show their applicability in 44,212 people with T1D. Improved glycemic control was linked to a decrease in CVD risk as people with T1D with lower glycated hemoglobin belonged to the baseline concordant cluster. This supports the contention that glycemic control in people with T1D is an integral part of lowering CVD risk.

KW - DISEASE

KW - PATTERNS

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z

DO - 10.1038/s41467-026-72029-z

M3 - Article

SN - 2041-1723

VL - 17

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

IS - 1

M1 - 5239

ER -

Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis

Abstract

Keywords

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