‚Präzisionspsychiatrie‘ oder ‚personalisierte Psychiatrie‘: unterschiedliche Begriffe – gleicher Inhalt?

Due to the increased lifetime prevalence and personal, social, and economic burden of mental disorders, psychiatry is in need of a significant change in several aspects of its clinical and research approaches. Over the last few decades, the development of personalized / precision medicine in psychiatry focusing on tailored therapies that fit each patient's unique individual, physiological, and genetic profile has not achieved the same results as those obtained in other branches, such as oncology. The long-awaited revolution has not yet surfaced. There are various explanations for this including imprecise diagnostic criteria, incomplete understanding of the molecular pathology involved, absence of available clinical tools and, finally, the characteristics of the patient. Since then, the co-existence of the two terms has sparked a great deal of discussion around the definition and differentiation between the two types of psychiatry, as they often seem similar or even superimposable. Generally, the two terminologies are used indiscriminately, alternatively, and / or separately, within the same scientific works. In this paper, an overview is provided on the overlap between the application and meaning of the terms 'precision psychiatry' and 'personalized psychiatry'.