Abstract
Each year, synthetic cannabinoids occur in high numbers on the illicit drug market, but data on their detectability are rarely available. A pilot study was performed to assess adverse effects of JWH-018, which is one of the oldest and best known synthetic cannabinoids. Oral fluid has been evaluated as a specimen for drug monitoring. Six subjects inhaled smoke derived from 2 and 3 mg JWH-018. The drug and 10 of its metabolites were analyzed in oral fluid samples collected during the following 12 hours using the Quantisal collection device by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Maximum concentrations of JWH-018 reached 2.2-2036 (median 25.7) ng/mL after inhalation and decreased during the next hour to only 0.08-8.42 (median 0.89) ng/mL. Metabolites were not found. During the elimination phase (median half-life 1.69 hours), detection of the drug over 6-12 hours (median 8 hours) after inhalation was achieved (0.024 ng/mL limit of quantification). Oral fluid/serum ratios varied considerably intra- and inter-individually in a range of 0.05-555 (median 1.38). The detection of JWH-018 in oral fluid requires high analytical sensitivity even 1 hour after inhalation. The pharmacokinetic properties of inhaled JWH-018 are similar to those of THC. Times for detection are typically less than 12 hours. High variability of the oral fluid/serum ratio precludes extrapolation of oral fluid concentrations to blood.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 644-650 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Drug Testing and Analysis |
Volume | 10 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 2 Oct 2017 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2018 |
Keywords
- pharmacokinetics
- synthetic cannabinoids
- JWH-018
- oral fluid
- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
- TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY
- LC-MS-MS
- DESIGNER DRUGS
- SERUM
- QUANTIFICATION
- DELTA(9)-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL
- ABUSE
- IDENTIFICATION
- BLOOD
- MS/MS
- Chromatography, Liquid/methods
- Humans
- Male
- Naphthalenes/administration & dosage
- Indoles/administration & dosage
- Young Adult
- Substance Abuse Detection/methods
- Adult
- Female
- Limit of Detection
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
- Saliva/metabolism
- Administration, Inhalation
- Cannabinoids/administration & dosage
- Pilot Projects
- Street Drugs/metabolism