TY - JOUR
T1 - Optimizing patients' functional status during daily nursing care interventions
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Verstraten, Carolien C. J. M. M.
AU - Metzelthin, Silke F.
AU - Schoonhoven, Lisette
AU - Schuurmans, Marieke J.
AU - de Man-van Ginkel, Janneke M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (Grant # 80‐80705‐98‐025).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Research in Nursing & Health published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Patients often experience a functional decline due to physical inactivity during illness. Nurses can influence the physical activity of patients while assisting them with activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to identify effective interventions that are embedded in daily nursing care (irrespective of care setting) that aim to optimize the functional status of patients by increasing their physical activity. A systematic review was performed and reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched for studies from January 2002 to March 2019. The critical appraisal tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute were used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. Study characteristics, intervention key components, and reported effects of included studies were extracted, summarized narratively, and compared. Twenty studies, evaluating nine different interventions were included. In these interventions, eight key components were identified. Four components were included in all six interventions with a positive effect on mobility, physical activity, or functional status. These components were: assessment of patient's functionality; goal setting with the patient; establishment of an individualized plan; and engagement of patients in physical and daily activity. The effects were limited due to the risk of bias in the studies, small sample sizes, limited clinical meaning of the effects, and variability of the adherence to the interventions. Multicomponent interventions were the most promising to enhance the functional status of patients. Future research should evaluate these interventions using research methods aiming at producing more rigorous evidence.
AB - Patients often experience a functional decline due to physical inactivity during illness. Nurses can influence the physical activity of patients while assisting them with activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to identify effective interventions that are embedded in daily nursing care (irrespective of care setting) that aim to optimize the functional status of patients by increasing their physical activity. A systematic review was performed and reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched for studies from January 2002 to March 2019. The critical appraisal tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute were used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. Study characteristics, intervention key components, and reported effects of included studies were extracted, summarized narratively, and compared. Twenty studies, evaluating nine different interventions were included. In these interventions, eight key components were identified. Four components were included in all six interventions with a positive effect on mobility, physical activity, or functional status. These components were: assessment of patient's functionality; goal setting with the patient; establishment of an individualized plan; and engagement of patients in physical and daily activity. The effects were limited due to the risk of bias in the studies, small sample sizes, limited clinical meaning of the effects, and variability of the adherence to the interventions. Multicomponent interventions were the most promising to enhance the functional status of patients. Future research should evaluate these interventions using research methods aiming at producing more rigorous evidence.
KW - activities of daily living
KW - functional status
KW - nursing interventions
KW - physical activity
KW - systematic review
KW - RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
KW - FUNCTION-FOCUSED CARE
KW - QUALITY-OF-LIFE
KW - RESTORATIVE CARE
KW - HOME RESIDENTS
KW - PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
KW - OLDER-ADULTS
KW - SELF-CARE
KW - MOBILITY
KW - STROKE
U2 - 10.1002/nur.22063
DO - 10.1002/nur.22063
M3 - (Systematic) Review article
C2 - 32829518
SN - 0160-6891
VL - 43
SP - 478
EP - 488
JO - Research in Nursing & Health
JF - Research in Nursing & Health
IS - 5
ER -