Obesity-related behaviors and health-related quality of life in socioeconomically vulnerable children: A cross-sectional study

Purpose: This study aims to explore obesity-related behaviors (ORB) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in socioeconomically vulnerable children, while also examining potential associations between these variables. Design and methods: A total of 721 children enrolled in after-school care programs for socioeconomically vulnerable children participated in this study. Height (in cm) and weight (in kg) were measured directly by trained research assistants. ORB, including eating behaviors and physical activity, was assessed utilizing the Nutrition Quotient Questionnaire. HRQoL was measured utilizing the PedsQL™ 4.0. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The findings revealed that participants exhibited lower levels of ORB and reduced HRQoL, particularly in the physical health dimension of HRQoL. Inadequate physical activity and poor dietary habits were strongly associated with a 2.625-fold (OR = 2.625, 95% CI = 1.867–3.691) and a 4.251-fold (OR = 4.251, 95% CI = 2.466–7.328) increase, respectively, in the likelihood of having low HRQoL. Surprisingly, the study did not find a significant link between ORB levels and obesity, and obesity status did not predict a higher probability of low HRQoL. Conclusions: This study underscores the need for tailored interventions designed specifically for children from socioeconomically vulnerable families to address their unique challenges. Practice implications: This research provides valuable insights for pediatric nurses and healthcare providers, highlighting the crucial role of promoting healthy ORB in socioeconomically vulnerable children to address disparities in childhood obesity and HRQoL.