TY - JOUR
T1 - Nucleotide sugar profiles throughout development in wildtype andgaltknockout zebrafish
AU - Haskovic, Minela
AU - Coelho, Ana I.
AU - Lindhout, Martijn
AU - Zijlstra, Fokje
AU - Veizaj, Raisa
AU - Vos, Rein
AU - Vanoevelen, Jo M.
AU - Bierau, Jorgen
AU - Lefeber, Dirk J.
AU - Rubio-Gozalbo, M. Estela
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Nucleotide sugars (NS) are fundamental molecules in life and play a key role in glycosylation reactions and signal conduction. Several pathways are involved in the synthesis of NS. The Leloir pathway, the main pathway for galactose metabolism, is crucial for production of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose and UDP-galactose. The most common metabolic disease affecting this pathway is galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) deficiency, that despite a lifelong galactose-restricted diet, often results in chronically debilitating complications. Alterations in the levels of UDP-sugars leading to galactosylation abnormalities have been hypothesized as a key pathogenic factor. However, UDP-sugar levels measured in patient cell lines have shown contradictory results. Other NS that might be affected, differences throughout development, as well as tissue specific profiles have not been investigated. Using recently established UHPLC-MS/MS technology, we studied the complete NS profiles in wildtype andgaltknockout zebrafish (Danio rerio). Analyses of UDP-hexoses, UDP-hexosamines, CMP-sialic acids, GDP-fucose, UDP-glucuronic acid, UDP-xylose, CDP-ribitol, and ADP-ribose profiles at four developmental stages and in tissues (brain and gonads) in wildtype zebrafish revealed variation in NS levels throughout development and differences between examined tissues. More specifically, we found higher levels of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid, GDP-fucose, UDP-glucuronic acid, and UDP-xylose in brain and of CMP-N-glycolylneuraminic acid in gonads. Analysis of the same NS profiles ingaltknockout zebrafish revealed no significant differences from wildtype. Our findings ingaltknockout zebrafish, even when challenged with galactose, do not support a role for abnormalities in UDP-glucose or UDP-galactose as a key pathogenic factor in GALT deficiency, under the tested conditions.
AB - Nucleotide sugars (NS) are fundamental molecules in life and play a key role in glycosylation reactions and signal conduction. Several pathways are involved in the synthesis of NS. The Leloir pathway, the main pathway for galactose metabolism, is crucial for production of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose and UDP-galactose. The most common metabolic disease affecting this pathway is galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) deficiency, that despite a lifelong galactose-restricted diet, often results in chronically debilitating complications. Alterations in the levels of UDP-sugars leading to galactosylation abnormalities have been hypothesized as a key pathogenic factor. However, UDP-sugar levels measured in patient cell lines have shown contradictory results. Other NS that might be affected, differences throughout development, as well as tissue specific profiles have not been investigated. Using recently established UHPLC-MS/MS technology, we studied the complete NS profiles in wildtype andgaltknockout zebrafish (Danio rerio). Analyses of UDP-hexoses, UDP-hexosamines, CMP-sialic acids, GDP-fucose, UDP-glucuronic acid, UDP-xylose, CDP-ribitol, and ADP-ribose profiles at four developmental stages and in tissues (brain and gonads) in wildtype zebrafish revealed variation in NS levels throughout development and differences between examined tissues. More specifically, we found higher levels of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid, GDP-fucose, UDP-glucuronic acid, and UDP-xylose in brain and of CMP-N-glycolylneuraminic acid in gonads. Analysis of the same NS profiles ingaltknockout zebrafish revealed no significant differences from wildtype. Our findings ingaltknockout zebrafish, even when challenged with galactose, do not support a role for abnormalities in UDP-glucose or UDP-galactose as a key pathogenic factor in GALT deficiency, under the tested conditions.
KW - galactosemia
KW - GALT deficiency
KW - nucleotide sugars
KW - pathophysiology
KW - sugar metabolism
KW - zebrafish
KW - GALACTOSE
KW - POLY(ADP-RIBOSE)
KW - DEFICIT
KW - GALT
U2 - 10.1002/jimd.12265
DO - 10.1002/jimd.12265
M3 - Article
C2 - 32441338
SN - 0141-8955
VL - 43
SP - 994
EP - 1001
JO - Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
JF - Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
IS - 5
ER -