Abstract
Background: The application of rTMS in Depression has been very well investigated over the last few years. However, little is known about predictors of non-response associated with rTMS treatment.
Objective: This study examined neurophysiological parameters (EEG and ERP) in 90 depressed patients treated with rTMS and psychotherapy and sought to identify predictors of non-response.
Methods: This study is a multi-site open-label study assessing pre-treatment EEG and ERP measures associated with non-response to rTMS treatment.
Results: Non-responders were characterized by 1) Increased fronto-central theta EEG power, 2) a slower anterior individual alpha peak frequency, 3) a larger P300 amplitude, and 4) decreased pre-frontal delta and beta cordance. A discriminant analysis yielded a significant model, and subsequent ROC curve demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.814.
Conclusions: Several EEG variables demonstrated clear differences between R and NR such as the anterior iAPF, fronto-central Theta and pre-frontal cordance in the Delta and Beta band (representative of increased relative pre-frontal perfusion). The increased P300 amplitude as a predictor for non-response requires further study, since this was the opposite as hypothesized and there were no correlations of this measure with clinical improvement for the whole sample. Combining these biomarkers in a discriminant analysis resulted in a reliable identification of non-responders with low false positive rates. Future studies should prospectively replicate these findings and also further investigate appropriate treatments for the sub-groups of non-responders identified in this study, given that most of these biomarkers have also been found in antidepressant medication studies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 569-576 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Brain stimulation |
Volume | 5 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Oct 2012 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- rTMS
- EEG
- ERP
- Personalized medicine
- Depression
- Alpha frequency
- TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION
- ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
- DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX
- EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS
- ANTIDEPRESSANT RESPONSE
- PERCEPTUAL ASYMMETRY
- NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR
- QUANTITATIVE EEG
- DOUBLE-BLIND
- MEDICATION