TY - JOUR
T1 - Myofibrillar and Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis Rates Do Not Differ in Young Men Following the Ingestion of Carbohydrate with Whey, Soy, or Leucine-Enriched Soy Protein after Concurrent Resistance- and Endurance-Type Exercise
AU - Churchward-Venne, Tyler A.
AU - Pinckaers, Philippe J. M.
AU - Smeets, Joey S. J.
AU - Peeters, Wouter M.
AU - Zorenc, Antoine H.
AU - Schierbeek, Henk
AU - Rollo, Ian
AU - Verdijk, Lex B.
AU - van Loon, Luc J. C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by PepsiCo/Gatorade Sports Science Institute. Author disclosures: TAC-V, PJMP, JSJS, WMP, AHZ, HS, and LBV, no conflicts of interest. IR is an employee of the Gatorade Sports Science Institute, a division of PepsiCo Inc. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo Inc. LJCvL has received research grants, consulting fees, speaking honoraria, or a combination of these, from Friesland Campina and PepsiCo. Supplemental methods are available from the “Supplementary data” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at https://academic.oup.com/jn/. Address correspondence to LJCvL (e-mail: [email protected]). Abbreviations used: 4E-BP1, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1; FSR, fractional synthetic rate; IAA, indispensable amino acids; MitoPS, mitochondrial protein synthesis; MPE, mole % excess; MPS, muscle protein synthesis; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; MyoPS, myofibrillar protein synthesis; p70S6k, ribosomal protein S6 kinase; rpS6, ribosomal protein S6; SOY, 45 g carbohydrate co-ingested with 20 g soy protein; SOY + LEU, 45 g carbohydrate co-ingested with 20 g soy protein enriched with leucine to match the leucine content of WHEY; WHEY, 45 g carbohydrate co-ingested with 20 g whey protein; 1-RM, 1 repetition maximum.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Society for Nutrition. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/2
Y1 - 2019/2
N2 - Background: Protein ingestion during recovery from resistance-type exercise increases postexercise muscle protein synthesis rates. Whey protein has been reported to have greater anabolic properties than soy protein, an effect which may be attributed to the higher leucine content of whey.Objective: The objective of this study was to compare postprandial myofibrillar (MyoPS) and mitochondrial (MitoPS) protein synthesis rates after ingestion of carbohydrate with whey, soy, or soy protein enriched with free leucine (to match the leucine content of whey) during recovery from a single bout of concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise in young healthy men.Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design, 36 healthy young recreationally active men (mean +/- SEM age: 23 +/- 0.4 y) received a primed continuous infusion of L-[ring-C-13(6)]-phenylalanine and L-[ring-3,5-H-2(2)]-tyrosine and ingested 45 g carbohydrate with 20 g protein from whey (WHEY), soy (SOY), or leucine-enriched soy (SOY + LEU) after concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise. Blood and muscle biopsies were collected over a 360 min postexercise recovery period to assess MyoPS and MitoPS rates, and associated signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1).Results: Postprandial peak plasma leucine concentrations were significantly higher in WHEY (mean +/- SEM: 322 +/- 10 mu mol/L) and SOY + LEU (328 +/- 14 mu mol/L) compared with SOY (216 +/- 6 mu mol/L) (P <0.05). Despite the apparent differences in plasma leucinemia, MyoPS (WHEY: 0.054 +/- 0.002; SOY: 0.053 +/- 0.004; SOY + LEU: 0.056 +/- 0.004% . h(-1); P = 0.83), and MitoPS (WHEY: 0.061 +/- 0.004; SOY: 0.061 +/- 0.006; SOY + LEU: 0.063 +/- 0.004% . h(-1); P = 0.96) rates over the entire 360 min recovery period did not differ between treatments. Similarly, signaling through mTORC1(Ser2448), p70S6k(Thr389), 4E-BP1(Thr37/46), and rpS6(Ser235/236) was similar between treatments.Conclusion: Postexercise MyoPS and MitoPS rates do not differ after co-ingestion of carbohydrate with 20 g protein from whey, soy, or leucine-enriched soy protein during 360 min of recovery from concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise in young, recreationally active men.
AB - Background: Protein ingestion during recovery from resistance-type exercise increases postexercise muscle protein synthesis rates. Whey protein has been reported to have greater anabolic properties than soy protein, an effect which may be attributed to the higher leucine content of whey.Objective: The objective of this study was to compare postprandial myofibrillar (MyoPS) and mitochondrial (MitoPS) protein synthesis rates after ingestion of carbohydrate with whey, soy, or soy protein enriched with free leucine (to match the leucine content of whey) during recovery from a single bout of concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise in young healthy men.Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design, 36 healthy young recreationally active men (mean +/- SEM age: 23 +/- 0.4 y) received a primed continuous infusion of L-[ring-C-13(6)]-phenylalanine and L-[ring-3,5-H-2(2)]-tyrosine and ingested 45 g carbohydrate with 20 g protein from whey (WHEY), soy (SOY), or leucine-enriched soy (SOY + LEU) after concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise. Blood and muscle biopsies were collected over a 360 min postexercise recovery period to assess MyoPS and MitoPS rates, and associated signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1).Results: Postprandial peak plasma leucine concentrations were significantly higher in WHEY (mean +/- SEM: 322 +/- 10 mu mol/L) and SOY + LEU (328 +/- 14 mu mol/L) compared with SOY (216 +/- 6 mu mol/L) (P <0.05). Despite the apparent differences in plasma leucinemia, MyoPS (WHEY: 0.054 +/- 0.002; SOY: 0.053 +/- 0.004; SOY + LEU: 0.056 +/- 0.004% . h(-1); P = 0.83), and MitoPS (WHEY: 0.061 +/- 0.004; SOY: 0.061 +/- 0.006; SOY + LEU: 0.063 +/- 0.004% . h(-1); P = 0.96) rates over the entire 360 min recovery period did not differ between treatments. Similarly, signaling through mTORC1(Ser2448), p70S6k(Thr389), 4E-BP1(Thr37/46), and rpS6(Ser235/236) was similar between treatments.Conclusion: Postexercise MyoPS and MitoPS rates do not differ after co-ingestion of carbohydrate with 20 g protein from whey, soy, or leucine-enriched soy protein during 360 min of recovery from concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise in young, recreationally active men.
KW - muscle protein synthesis
KW - young men
KW - carbohydrate
KW - dietary protein
KW - whey
KW - soy
KW - leucine
KW - concurrent exercise
KW - HUMAN MUSCLE
KW - SKELETAL-MUSCLE
KW - AMINO-ACIDS
KW - TRANSLATION INITIATION
KW - STIMULATION
KW - METABOLISM
KW - RECOVERY
KW - CASEIN
KW - KINETICS
KW - REST
U2 - 10.1093/jn/nxy251
DO - 10.1093/jn/nxy251
M3 - (Systematic) Review article
C2 - 30698812
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 149
SP - 210
EP - 220
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 2
ER -