TY - JOUR
T1 - Modeling depression in Parkinson disease Disease-specific and nonspecific risk factors
AU - Leentjens, Albert F. G.
AU - Moonen, Anja J. H.
AU - Dujardin, Kathy
AU - Marsh, Laura
AU - Martinez-Martin, Pablo
AU - Richard, Irene H.
AU - Starkstein, Sergio E.
AU - Kohler, Sebastian
PY - 2013/9/17
Y1 - 2013/9/17
N2 - Objective: To construct a model for depression in Parkinson disease (PD) and to study the relative contribution of PD-specific and nonspecific risk factors to this model. Methods: Structural equation modeling of direct and indirect associations of risk factors with the latent depression outcome using a cross-sectional dataset of 342 patients with PD. Results: A model with acceptable fit was generated that explained 41% of the variance in depression. In the final model, 3 PD-specific variables (increased disease duration, more severe motor symptoms, the use of levodopa) and 6 nonspecific variables (female sex, history of anxiety and/or depression, family history of depression, worse functioning on activities of daily living, and worse cognitive status) were maintained and significantly associated with depression. Nonspecific risk factors had a 3-times-higher influence in the model than PD-specific risk factors. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, we showed that nonspecific factors may be more prominent markers of depression than PD-specific factors. Accordingly, research on depression in PD should focus not only on factors associated with or specific for PD, but should also examine a wider scope of factors including general risk factors for depression, not specific for PD.
AB - Objective: To construct a model for depression in Parkinson disease (PD) and to study the relative contribution of PD-specific and nonspecific risk factors to this model. Methods: Structural equation modeling of direct and indirect associations of risk factors with the latent depression outcome using a cross-sectional dataset of 342 patients with PD. Results: A model with acceptable fit was generated that explained 41% of the variance in depression. In the final model, 3 PD-specific variables (increased disease duration, more severe motor symptoms, the use of levodopa) and 6 nonspecific variables (female sex, history of anxiety and/or depression, family history of depression, worse functioning on activities of daily living, and worse cognitive status) were maintained and significantly associated with depression. Nonspecific risk factors had a 3-times-higher influence in the model than PD-specific risk factors. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, we showed that nonspecific factors may be more prominent markers of depression than PD-specific factors. Accordingly, research on depression in PD should focus not only on factors associated with or specific for PD, but should also examine a wider scope of factors including general risk factors for depression, not specific for PD.
U2 - 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a4a503
DO - 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a4a503
M3 - Article
C2 - 23946309
SN - 0028-3878
VL - 81
SP - 1036
EP - 1043
JO - Neurology
JF - Neurology
IS - 12
ER -