TY - JOUR
T1 - Minocycline Inhibits Apoptotic Cell Death in a Murine Model of Partial Flap Loss
AU - Dumont, Ewald A. W. J.
AU - Lutgens, Suzanne P. M.
AU - Reutelingsperger, Christopher P. M.
AU - Bos, Gerard M. J.
AU - Hofstra, Lenoard
PY - 2010/10
Y1 - 2010/10
N2 - For breast reconstruction, the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap has become standard therapy. A feared complication is partial or even total flap loss. In a novel murine model of partial DIEP flap loss, the contribution of apoptotis to flap loss was investigated. The clinically available apoptosis-inhibiting compound minocycline was tested for its ability to reduce cell death. The effect of minocycline on cell proliferation was studied in cell cultures of breast carcinoma. In 12 mice, pedicled DIEP flaps were raised, which were subjected to 15 minutes of ischemia and 4 days of reperfusion. Six mice were treated with minocycline 2 hours before surgery and every 24 hours for 4 days. Apoptosis was revealed by injecting annexin A5 30 minutes before sacrifice. Annexin A5 binds to phosphatidylserines, which are expressed on the cell membrane during apoptotis. Prior to sacrifice, necrosis was measured using planimetry. Minocycline reduced cell death after 4 days from 35.9% (standard deviation - 10.6) to 13.9% (standard deviation - 8.0; p <0.05). Apoptosis, as shown by annexin A5 binding in nontreated animals, was abundant. Minocycline did not influence tumor growth in cell cultures of human breast cancer. Minocycline treatment leads to increased DIEP flap viability in mice. This study widens the perspective in the improvement of free flap survival in patients.
AB - For breast reconstruction, the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap has become standard therapy. A feared complication is partial or even total flap loss. In a novel murine model of partial DIEP flap loss, the contribution of apoptotis to flap loss was investigated. The clinically available apoptosis-inhibiting compound minocycline was tested for its ability to reduce cell death. The effect of minocycline on cell proliferation was studied in cell cultures of breast carcinoma. In 12 mice, pedicled DIEP flaps were raised, which were subjected to 15 minutes of ischemia and 4 days of reperfusion. Six mice were treated with minocycline 2 hours before surgery and every 24 hours for 4 days. Apoptosis was revealed by injecting annexin A5 30 minutes before sacrifice. Annexin A5 binds to phosphatidylserines, which are expressed on the cell membrane during apoptotis. Prior to sacrifice, necrosis was measured using planimetry. Minocycline reduced cell death after 4 days from 35.9% (standard deviation - 10.6) to 13.9% (standard deviation - 8.0; p <0.05). Apoptosis, as shown by annexin A5 binding in nontreated animals, was abundant. Minocycline did not influence tumor growth in cell cultures of human breast cancer. Minocycline treatment leads to increased DIEP flap viability in mice. This study widens the perspective in the improvement of free flap survival in patients.
KW - Free flap
KW - DIEP flap
KW - apoptosis
KW - minocycline
KW - annexin A5
KW - breast reconstruction
U2 - 10.1055/s-0030-1262952
DO - 10.1055/s-0030-1262952
M3 - Article
C2 - 20648419
SN - 0743-684X
VL - 26
SP - 523
EP - 528
JO - Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery
JF - Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery
IS - 8
ER -